Dietary putrescine effects on performance parameters,nutrient digestibility, intestinal morphology and tissue polyamine content of broilers fed low protein diet

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of dietary putrescine [PUT] on broiler's response fed low crude protein [CP] diets. A total of 192 male day old chicks were fed with four dietary treatments including two levels of PUT [0 and 0.03%] and two levels of CP [normal and low] with factorial combinations. Weekly growth performance, nutrient digestibility and intestinal morphology [at the age of 21 days] and liver and intestinal tissue polyamines content were measured. As a result of this study lower dietary CP had a significant [P<0.05] lower body weight gain [BWG] and improved protein efficiency ratio [PER]. PUT improved energy efficiency ratio [EER] significantly [P<0.05]. Dry matter [DM] digestibility was decreased by lower dietary CP whereas 0.03% PUT significantly [P<0.05] increased it. Low CP caused significant [P<0.05] greater calcium digestibility, while this effect was not found when PUT was added. PUT had no effect on intestine villous height and crypt depth. Polyamine content of intestine and liver was influenced by the age of the birds, while PUT had no effects on them. In conclusion, dietary PUT has beneficial effects on EER in chicks fed CP-deficient diet, indicating possible involvement of PUT in energy metabolism. PUT supplementation did not moderate the reduced BWG of the chicks fed low protein. Intestinal and liver polyamine concentration was mainly affected by dietary CP and age of the birds rather than dietary PUT

Effect of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of roots of Ferula gummosa Boiss. on the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Ferula gummosa Boiss. [Barije.] contain medical and antimicrobial properties. This study was done to determine the effect of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of roots of Ferula gummosa Boiss. on the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In this laboratory study, the plant was dried in dark place and aqueous, alcoholic extracts of Barije's root, powder were prepared using Soxhlet method. The efficacy of 0.1 dilution of different values of extracts of Ferula gummosa Boiss. on the strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa [PTCC 1430] were evaluated by disk diffusion, Agar-well diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] and minimum bactericidal concentration [MBC] methods. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was completely resistant to the aqueous extract, and the MIC for the methanol and ethanol extracts was 1.25x10[4] microg/ml and 6.25x10[3] microg/ml, respectively. Methanolic and ethanolic extracts of Ferula gummosa Boiss. have antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in in-vitro model

Orthodontic tooth movement and root resorption after different doses of celecoxib drug treatment in rats

Non- Steroidal Anti Inflammatory [NSAIDs] medications used for treatment of pain related to orthodontic treatment could slow down tooth movements. Selective cyclooxigenase- 2 inhibitors are alternatives to conventional non steroidal drugs. The aim of this study was to compare three different doses of Celecoxib on orthodontic tooth movement and root resorption in Rats. Forty male Rats randomly divided into the following groups; D [the application of orthodontic appliance with taking medications]; E [without any intervention] and experimental groups included A [received 25 mg/kg], B [received 50 mg/kg] and C [received 100 mg/kg] dose of Celecoxib. NiTi coil spring was ligated between the right side maxillary incisor and 1[st] molar. The animals were sacrificed after two weeks and distance between 2 teeth was measured with Caliper. After preparation of histological sections, amount of root resorption, numbers and maximum depth of resorption lacunae in mesial root surfaces of molar was measured. Data were analyzed with ANOVA, LSD and Tukey HSD. The maximum tooth movement was found in group A [0.8537 mm], D, C, B and E respectively. Statistical analysis did not show any significant difference between the different doses of Celecoxib drug in tooth movement. The usage of Celecoxib [particularly in higher doses; 100 mg/kg] decreased the number of resorption lacaunae in mesial root of first maxillary molar [P< 0.05]. 100 mg/kg dose of celecoxib was found to be optimum for the lowest effect on tooth movement and the most protection against root resorption

[Effective dose rate of radon gas in Jooshan hot spring of Kerman Province]

Human beings are constantly exposed to different radiations that have always been recognized as a health hazard. Radon-222 and its daughter products are major sources of natural radiations and a significant total inhalation dose is related to them. Hence, the measurement of radon activity in the environment has gained an increasing importance. In this study, with the measurement of radon concentration, the indoor radon activity level and radon effective dose rate in Jooshan hot spring were determined. Concentration of radon gas inside the pool of Jooshan hot spring was measured using the active detector Rad7 type and the annual effective dose was estimated for individuals inhaling the indoor air of this pool for a specified period of time. Concentration of indoor air radon gas was 98.3 +/- 4.9 Bq/m3 and for a person staying in the pool twice a week and each time for two hours, the annual effective dose rate, due to the inhalation of radon, equals to 0.06 +/- 0.003 mSv/y. Comparison of the obtained effective dose with the standards of Environmental protection Agency and Health physics Society, it can be concluded that for individuals that normally use Jooshan hot spring pool, the resulted dose is in the recommended range

Predicting factors for anastomotic leakage after esophageal cancer resection

Esophageal anastomosis leaks continue to be a significant cause of morbidity and mortality after esophagectomy. The purpose of the present study was to identify the predisposing factors of esophageal anastomotic leakage. 95 patients who underwent surgical resection for esophageal or cardia cancer were included for the study. The mean age of the patients was 59.5 years and male to female ratio was 1.56 to 1. The preferred management strategy for anastomotic leakage was the conservative approach when possible. The operative approach was reserved for those patients with fulminant sepsis or those who did not respond to the conservative management. Data were analyzed using SPSS 13.0 software and P-values less than 0.05 were considered significant. Sixty six patients had cervical esophageal anastomosis and 29 had intrathoracic anastomosis; 18.9% anastomotic leakage was diagnosed. Patients with symptoms longer than 6 months prior to operation, and diabetic patients had a significantly higher risk of anastomotic leakage. Our data showed that the presences of diabetes mellitus as well as prolonged symptoms [more than six months] are associated with higher anastomotic leakage after esophagectomy. Controlling blood glucose, early diagnosis of esophageal cancer, early resection of tumor before a long-term period of symptoms, and effective screening program for esophageal cancer may reduce the risk of esophageal leakage

Report of a rare case of anterior mediastinum goiter

The primary ectopic goiters of mediastinum, specially of posterior mediastinum is rare and estimated on 1% of the goiters of retro sternal and mediastinum and their blood supplies is from intra thoracic vessels. We introduce a patient who referred with the complain of a huge mass in the anterior medistinum. His complain presented by dyspnea breathlessness and chronic cough at first. This mass was removed easily through collar incision and partial strernotomy. Through surgery we found that blood supply of mass arised from thoracic vessels and inominate artery, with drainage to inominate vein. Following mass removal, all the symptoms of the patient were resolved. We presented an uncommon true primary ectopic mediastinal goiter resected through a median strnotomy with complete excision and relief of all symptoms

Clinical features of cutaneous leishmaniasis and direct PCR-based identification of parasite species in a new focus in southeast of Iran

To clinically characterize the cutaneous leishmaniasis and identify the causative parasite species in Mirjaveh, an important geographical region across the border of Iran-Pakistan at Southeast of Iran. A number of 116 patients during a year since March 2005 to April 2006, subjected to the study. Clinical information collected and scrapings were taken from cutaneous lesions and used for microscopic examination, NNN cultivation and kinetoplast DNA-PCR amplification. The cases comprised of 48 males and 68 females, 84 [72.4%] Iranians and 32 [27.6%] non-Iranians. They aged between 2 months to 68 years with the most affection of children, 0-10 years [55.2%]. The patients presented a total of 248 active lesions with an average of 2.14. The ulcers distributed mostly on upper extremity [42.3%] then on face [32.7%], followed by lower extremity [20.6%] and other parts [4.4%]. The majority of ulcers stated to be developed rapidly, <1 month [40.3%] or 1-2 months [45.2%]. However, from 248 ulcers, only 19 [7.7%] found to be wet and the remaining were dry or moderately wet, 45 [18.1%] and 184 [74.2%], respectively. kDNA-PCR assay detected 51 out of 73 samples, all of which were identified as L. major, the causative agent of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis. L. major is the species responsible for cutaneous leishmaniasis in Mirjaveh, however the pattern of clinical findings, does not completely resemble the ZCL characteristics. These indicate that the manifestation of the lesions may not necessarily correspond to the Leishmania species and may be unreliable to conclude the speciation of parasite without laboratory identification

Epidemiological study of suicide attempt in dashtestan region in 2004

Among adolescents, Suicide is the third injuries and 7[th] death causes. Considering young population and suicidal rate increasing, this study is done with the aim to determine the frequency and way of suicidal attempt according to age, sex, marriage situation, education level, etc. This is a descriptive and analytical study. Data was collected through a questionnaire containing demographic and social objects and it was analyzed by SPSS software and X[2] test. Out of 144 cases of suicidal attempt, 42 cases [29.0%] male and 102 [71.0%] were female. Most cases [52.0%] were 15-19 years and 92.0% were educated. Mean age of all cases was 22 +/- 3.7 with range of 13-49. This index for females was 22 +/- 3.4 with range of 13-44 and for males, 23 +/- 3.6 with range of 14-49 years. In this study, females were more than males in all age groups. There was significant difference between married and non-married [p<0.05]. Familial discord is the major risk factor in suicide attempt necessitate the founding of consultation centers for adolescents and youths in order to meet their needs, answer their questions and give them guidance and support. Love-related emotional problems constituted the second most important factor that threatens young people. Thus, they should be persuaded to seek professional help and encouraged to frankly express their feelings to specialist in order to appropriate guidance be provided

Effect of spironolactone on heart rate variability [HRV] in diabetic patients

Diabetes mellitus is the most common metabolic and endocrine disease. Depressed Heart Rate Variability [HRV] is an early warning sign of diabetic neuropathy. In numerous studies, spironolactone improved HRV and decreased mortality in Congestive Heart Failure [CHF]. This study was performed to assess the effect of spironolactone on HRV in diabetic patients. This prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial was performed on 62 diabetic patients with autonomic neuropathy at Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center. Baseline HRV was measured with time domain and frequency domain methods using a Valiance system manufactured by US Biomedical Systems Inc. [2000]. The patients were then randomly placed in case and control groups. The control group was given placebo and the case group was given 25mg spironolactone twice daily for two months. HRV was measured at the end of this period and data were analyzed using SPSS. HRV before and after medication was compared with t-test, paired t-test, Wilcoxon test, and Mann-Whitney test. Twenty-nine patients in the control group and thirty-three patients in the case group were assessed. HRV was measured before and after the study. T-test and Mann-Whitney test revealed no significant difference between HRV in the two groups. Paired t-test and Wilcoxon test did not show any significant difference of HRV within the two groups. In this study, spironolactone did not improve HRV in diabetic patients

[A comparision of success rate between Ext. D.C.R and end D.C.R]

Currently, many patients are referred to our department because of continuous or inflammatory tearing; and the diagnosis is Dacriocystitis. Dacriocystitis is an infection of the lachrymal sac and is treated with External Dacriocystorhinostomy [Ext. D.C.R], an operative approach that has a failure rate ranging from 3% to 15%. Most of the failures are related to the incomplete inspection of the intranasal cavity during the operation. Endoscopic D.C.R. is another approach that has two advantages 1] avoid incision and prevent scar formation. 2] According to the perfect inspection of the intranasal cavity, the success rate is expected to increase. The aim of this study is to compare the success rates of End. D.C.R and Ext. D.C.R. This study tries to complete the previous studies that introduced End. D.C.R as a new approach to surgeons. In the previous studies, End. D.C.R was performed by using of YAG Laser that is expensive and inaccessible; whereas, we performed the procedure by using of suction cautery and punch forceps. For collecting the data, we designed a check list that was filled by one physician. Then the data was analyzed. Each of the groups included 43 patients. According to the statistical analysis, overall 28 males and 58 females underwent one of the operational approaches. The difference between the two groups in the duration of the disease and the patient complaints were not statistically significant On the other hand, the difference between the two groups in the duration of surgical approaches, presentation of tearing, regurgitation and bleeding one week after surgery were not statistically significant. But the presentation of the pain in End. D.C.R was less than in Ext. D.C.R. Three months after surgery, the difference between the two groups in presentation of tearing and open ducts were not statistically significant, but the regurgitation in End D.C.R. was less than Ext. D.C.R. Patient satisfaction of elimination of symptoms is not different, but satisfaction of scar in End. D. C.R is significantly less than Ext.D.C.R. The endoscopic approach appears to have two major benefits against the Ext. D.C.R; first, it avoids an external incision; and second, it allows a perfect view of intranasal cavity at the time of surgery so that a common cause of D.C.R. failure could be avoided. With this approach YAG laser is replaced with suction cautery and punch forceps

[ prevalence of goiter and urinary iodine exertion in school-aged children in Sistan-Balouchestan]

Iodine deficiency and disorders resulting from it has long been recognized as a grave nutritional health concern. Sistan and Baluchestan Province, in studies conducted prior to Iodine dispensation, was among the regions with high prevalence of endemic goiter in Iran. 1200 schoolchildren, aged 7-10 years, were selected randomly from all regions of Sistan-Balouchestan, and the grade of goiter, in 600 boys and 600 girls, was determined according to WHO classification. Urinary iodine content was estimated using the digestion method in one tenth of the schoolchildren. Total goiter rate was 33.3%, 31.2% in girls and 35.3% in boys. Median urinary iodine was 19.8 micro g/dl. Urinary iodine was above 10 micro g/dl in 84.4% and less than 5 micro g/dl in 5.1%, no one had urinary iodine below 2 micro g/dl. UIC levels and goiter prevalence were not statistically different between boys and girls and also between urban and rural areas. It is concluded that the rate of goiter in Sistan-Balouchestan has decreased significantly since 1996 and urinary iodine levels in schoolchildren are indicative of adequate iodine intake based on WHO desirable level: Sistan-Balouchestan province therefore can be considered an "iodine deficiency free" zone

[Hyperthermia can accelerate the healing process of 2[nd] degree burn wounds]

The present study aimed at evaluating the effect of local hyperthermia on the healing of burn wounds. Right and Left flunks of 8 Balb-c mice [as treated and control wounds respectively] were burned. Local hyperthermia was applied only for the burn wounds of the right flunks [the treated wound]. Sampling was accomplished on the 6[th] day for half of the mice and on the 9[th] day for the other half. The treated wounds had significantly smaller sizes than control wounds on the 6[th] day [P=0.019] and the 9[th] day [P=0.007]. The number of hair follicles and sebaceous glands of the treated wounds were significantly more than those of control wounds both on the 6[th] day [P=0.025 and P=0.043, respectively] and on the 9[th] day [P=0.012 and P=0.033, respectively]. Regarding the neovascularization there was no significant difference between the treated and control wounds on the 6[th] day but on the 9[th] day the neovascularization of the treated wounds was significantly more comparing to the control wounds [P=0.025]. Acute inflammation of the treated wounds was significantly less than the control wounds [P=0.015]. Collagen formation and reepithelialization in the treated wounds were more than the control wounds both on the 6[th] and 9[th] days. It is concluded that local hyperthermia can accelerate the healing process of the second degree burn wounds

Comparison of plasma levels of anticardiolipin and antiphospholipid antibodies in male patients with or without response to streptokinase following acute myocardial infarction

Streptokinase therapy is a medical approach for reperfusion therapy but with variable responses among patients which may be associated with antistreptokinase antibodies or other antibodies such as antiphospholipid or anticardiolipin antibodies. To compare the blood levels of anticardiolipin and antiphospholipid antibodies and also responses to streptokinase in patients with acute myocardial infarction. In this case-control study, 52 male patients with myocardial infarction were studied in two groups marked as responsive and non-responsive to streptokinase. The patients' responses to streptokinase were measured according to their first ECG and the ECG taken 90-180 minutes following the administration of streptokinase. Reduction of more than half of the ST elevation was considered as being responsive to the treatment. The antibody titers against anticardiolipin and antiphospholipid were further checked by ELISA method. Correlation between each antibody and the response to streptokinase was analyzed using Mann Whitney test [T-test]. The relationship between the antibodies mean values and the responses to streptokinase was investigated. The Mean level of IgG anticardiolipin in responsive patients was significantly lower than the non-responsive group [P=0.009], however, the mean levels of other antibodies such as IgM anticardiolipin, IgG antiphospholipid and the IgM antiphospholipid were statistically insignificant respectively. Based on the results found in our study, it seems that the anticardiolipin antibody has an effect on the response to streptokinase. This antibody inhibits the fibrin