Salivary metabolomic profile in adolescents with juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus

Abstract The aim of this study was to characterize the salivary metabolomic profile in adolescents with juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (jSLE). A total of 24 adolescents with jSLE (15.92 ± 2.06 years) and 12 systemically healthy controls (15.25 ± 2.7 years) were included in the study. Participants underwent rheumatologic testing and periodontal examination, with the recording of plaque index (PI), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and bleeding on probing index (BPI). Unstimulated whole saliva was collected from both groups and stored at -80 ºC. The salivary proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectra were acquired in a spectrometer operating at 500 MHz. Partial least squared discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and orthogonal PLS-DA (O-PLS-DA) were used for statistical analysis. Mean CAL and PI were significantly increased in the group with jSLE (p < 0.01). Patients with jSLE presented a significantly different salivary metabolic profile (accuracy = 0.54; R2 = 0.86; Q2 = -0.293), significantly higher salivary levels of N-acetyl sugars, and significantly reduced levels of phenylalanine, glycine, taurine, hydroxybutyrate, and valerate compared with healthy controls (p < 0.05). It is suggested that the salivary metabolomic profile analyzed by 1H NMR in patients with jSLE presents a different fingerprint that the systemically healthy subjects. Integrating the variation of metabolites with the identification of the metabolic pathways involved seems to provide a better understanding of the influence of systemic disease on salivary metabolites.

Redução da densidade óssea alveolar em pacientes com artrite idiopática juvenil / Reduction in alveolar bone density of patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis

OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a densidade óssea alveolar (DOA) na região dos primeiros molares superiores em pacientes com artrite idiopática juvenil (AIJ) e compará-la à de controles sistemicamente saudáveis. Como objetivos secundários, a influência da medicação e a atividade de doença reumática na DOA foram avaliadas, além da correlação entre a DOA e os parâmetros clínicos periodontais e reumatológicos. PACIENTES E MÉTODOS: Foram incluídos neste estudo 16 pacientes com AIJ (seis meninos e 10 meninas com idade média de 16,2 ± 2 anos) e 11 controles (seis meninos e cinco meninas com idade média de 16,4 ± 2,1 anos). A profundidade de sondagem (PS), o índice de placa visível (IPV), o índice de sangramento gengival (ISG) e o nível de inserção clínica (NIC) foram registrados. Radiografias bite-wings foram tiradas, e a DOA foi mensurada pelo sistema de radiografia digital RVG KODAK 6100, na região dos molares superiores. RESULTADOS: DOA, percentual de sítios com PS > 4 mm e ISG foram significativamente menores nos pacientes com AIJ, comparado aos controles (P = 0,001; P = 0,019; P = 0,011, respectivamente). A DOA não foi influenciada pela medicação nem pela atividade da AIJ, e não apresentou correlação com os parâmetros clínicos periodontais e reumatológicos. CONCLUSÃO: A DOA foi menor nos pacientes com AIJ, e parece não ser influenciada por medicação ou por atividade de doença reumática. Além disso, não foram observadas correlações entre a DOA e os indicadores clínicos periodontais e reumatológicos.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the alveolar bone density (ABD) in the upper first molars of patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and to compare their ABD with that of healthy controls. Secondary objectives included the evaluation of the influence of medication and rheumatic disease activity on ABD, in addition to the correlation between ABD and periodontal and rheumatologic clinical parameters. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This study assessed 16 patients with JIA (six boys and 10 girls; mean age, 16.2 ± 2 years) and 11 controls (six boys and five girls; mean age, 16.4 ± 2.1 years). Probing depth (PD), visible plaque index, gingival bleeding on probing (GBP), and the clinical insertion level (CIL) were recorded. Bite-wing radiographs were obtained and ABD was measured in the upper molars by use of the Kodak RVG 6100 Digital Radiography System. RESULTS: ABD, the percentage of sites with PD > 4 mm, and GBP were significantly lower in patients with JIA than in controls (P = 0.001; P = 0.019; P = 0.011, respectively). ABD was influenced by neither medication nor JIA activity, and showed no correlation with periodontal and rheumatologic clinical parameters. CONCLUSION: ABD was lower in patients with JIA and seemed to be influenced by neither medication nor rheumatic disease activity. In addition, no correlation was observed between ABD and periodontal and rheumatologic clinical parameters.

Perfil da resposta Th1/Th2 no fluido gengival de pacientes portadores de doença inflamatória intestinal com periodontite crônica / Th cell profile in the gingival crevicular fluid from inflammatory bowel disease patients with chronic periodontitis

O objetivo dessa tese foi avaliar a expressão de citocinas Th1 (IL-12 e INFγ), citocinas Th2 (IL-4, IL-6 e IL-10) e das citocinas pró-inflamatórias IL-18, IL-1β e TNFα no fluido gengival de pacientes com periodontite crônica portadores da doença de Crohn (DC), de retocolite ulcerativa idiopática (RCUI) e em indivíduos saudáveis (o grupo controle, GC). Como objetivo secundário, avaliamos a função dos neutrófilos no fluido gengival desses pacientes através da mensuração das metaloproteinases da matriz -8, -9 (MMP-8 e MMP-9) e da atividade da elastase. Quinze pacientes com DC (idade média 38.2 ± 11.4 anos), 15 pacientes com RCUI (idade média 45.0 ± 10.5 anos) e 15 pacientes saudáveis (idade média 42.1 ± 7.8 anos) participaram desse estudo. Todos os dentes presentes, com exceção dos terceiros molares, foram examinados. Profundidade de bolsa (PB), nível de inserção clínica (NI), presença de placa e de sangramento a sondagem foram avaliados em seis sítios por dente. Em cada paciente, o fluido de 4 sítios com periodontite (PB ≥ 5 mm e NI ≥ 3mm) e de 4 sítios com gengivite (PB ≤ 3 mm e NI ≤ 1 mm) foram coletados através de pontas de papel absorvente pré-fabricadas. O sistema LUMINEX® foi utilizado na mensuração das IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p70, TNFα, INFγ, MMP-8 e MMP-9. A IL-18 foi analisada através do ensaio ELISA e a atividade de elastase através de uma reação enzimática. O soro desses pacientes também foi analisado e o coeficiente de correlação de Pearson foi utilizado na análise da correlação entre as citocinas no soro e no fluido gengival. Nos sítios com gengivite, a quantidade total de IL-4 foi significativamente menor no grupo RCUI do que no grupo GC (p=0.016). Nos sítios com periodontite, a quantidade total de IL-4 foi significativamente menor no grupo DC do que no grupo GC (p=0.029)...

The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the expression of Th1 cytokines (IL-12 and INF-γ), Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10) and the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-18, IL-1β and TNF-α in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from Crohn’s disease (CD) patients, ulcerative colitis (UC) patients and healthy individuals (control group, CG) who had chronic periodontitis. Besides, we measured elastase activity, matrix metalloproteinase -8 and -9 (MMP-8 and -9) to address the neutrophil function in the GCF. Fifteen CD patients (mean age 38.2 ± 11.4 years), 15 UC patients (mean age 45.0 ± 10.5 years) and 15 systemically healthy controls (mean age 42.1 ± 7.8 years) were enrolled in this study. All the present teeth, except for the third molars were examined. Probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment loss (CAL), presence of plaque and presence of bleeding on probing were assessed in six sites per tooth. In every subject, GCF from 4 gingivitis sites (PPD ≤ 3mm and CAL ≤ 1mm) and from 4 periodontitis sites (PPD ≥ 5mm and CAL ≥ 3mm) were collected with filter strips. The data were reported as total amount and concentration. IL-1β, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p70, TNFα, INFγ, MMP-8 and MMP-9 were analyzed by the Luminex® analyzer. IL-18 was analyzed using a commercially available ELISA assay and the elastase activity by an enzymatic reaction. The serum was also analysed and the correlations between the cytokines in the GCF and in the serum were calculated by Pearson correlation analysis. In gingivitis sites, the total amount of IL-4 was significantly lower in the UC group than in the CG group (p=0.016). In periodontitis sites, the total amount of IL-4 was significantly lower in CD group than in the CG group (p=0.029). The total amount of IL-4 was lower in UC group than in CD group (p=0.077)...