Antimicrobial Resistant Enterococcus sp. Isolated from Clinical Samples

The present study has been targeted towards; investigation of molecular epidemiology and analysis of antibiotic resistance in different bacterial sp. Total 120 new bacterial isolates has been obtained having majority of bacteria Enterococcus sp. from 4 regional hospitals of 92 patients. The antimicrobial susceptibility test has been performed using 18 different antibiotics and resistant strains have been analyzed. Additionally, the isolated strains were tested for antibiotic resistance and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been performed for van A and van B genes. In the series of antimicrobial bacterial species Enterococcus sp. has emerged as one of the potential cause to raise the healthcare problems. This study has significant impact on such kind of molecular epidemiology investigations and may be useful in producing the basic knowledge on the local microorganism to refine and resolve the antimicrobial resistance issues faced by hospitals in the world

Hair tourniquet syndrome

To find out the causes and sites involved of hair tourniquet syndrome in our setup. This descriptive study was conducted in Surgical units of Agency Headquarter Hospital, Landikotal and Govt. City Hospital, Peshawar from 2007-2011. Fifty consecutive cases of hair tourniquet syndrome of both sexes were included. Data was collected on a pre designed proforma regarding the patient's age, sex, family background, socio-economic status and possible causes of this unique entity by interviewing the parents, relatives, spiritual healers, paramedical staff and quacks. Site involved was determined by clinical examinations in the OPD, ward and in operation theatre under sedation. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 16. Out of 50, 38 [76%] were male and 12 [24%] were female. In 30 [60%] patients, glans penis were involved, while other parts involved were digits [hand and foot] in 12%, skin tags in 11 [22%], umbilical hernia in 2 [4%], meningocele in 1 [2%]. In 28 [56%] cases, no cause was found, especially in infants. Other causes were for the management of nocturia in 12%, amputation of skin tags in 10% and post circumcision bleeding, spiritual healing and jealousy each in 6% patients. Human hair was found in cases of infants and children while in adults animal hair was used. Outcome of Unnoticed and missed hair coils around skin appendages can be devastating in shape of strangulation and amputation whether the cause is known or not

Treatment of renal stones

Objective: to understand and update our knowledge about the evolution of renal stone treatment

Material and Methods: a study of 50 consecutive cases of renal stones treated by open surgery in Surgical unit Agency Headquarter Hospital, Landikotal from Jan 2002 to Dec 2002 were included in the study

Results: high success rates were achieved by open surgery in those patients who presented earlier and had good renal functions

Conclusion: open surgery still remains the choice of treatment especially for large renal calculi in terms of stone clearance and stone free period