RESUMO
Pancreatic islet β-cell destruction in type I diabetes mellitus is prominent, and there may not be any better drug if onecan stimulate the regeneration/protection of islet. The objective of this study is to isolate the islet and evaluation ofthe protective potential of the isolated islet of a saponin. The extraction and isolation of saponin Momordica dioica(SMD) were done, and purification was achieved through the fractional method of thin liquid chromatography thatyielded a pure saponin and was characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography, liquid chromatographymass spectroscopy, Fourier transmission infrared, and nuclear magnetic resonance. The best optimized method for theisolation of rat pancreatic islets, islet viability, potential, insulin secretion, and intra-islet contents was performed, andalso, the insulin assay protective properties were assessed. The most optimum method was found to be the pancreasmincing and Collagenase Type XI digestion followed by cell straining (500μm), Ficoll gradient centrifugation and cellstraining (70μm). Glucose stimulated insulin secretion showed the islets secreted insulin in a dose dependent mannerwith respect to the different concentrations of glucose compared with their respective group indicating its functionality.MDA and NO results in STZ and high glucose conditions help in establishing the beta cell protective activity of SaponinMomordica dioica. All of these results are a promising signs of the diabetes patients.
RESUMO
Background: The aim of the current study is to evaluate the anti-tumor activity of saponins isolated from the roots of Momordica cymbalaria (MC) against dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) induced rats. Methods: A steroidal saponin MC (SMC) was isolated from MC fenzl and purified by preparative high-performance liquid chromatography. Breast cancer was induced in 50-day-old female Sprague-Dawley rats by injecting DMBA (6 mg/kg intravenous) in three doses on day 50, 54, and 57. The rats were randomized into four groups; control, DMBA, SMC (100 mg/kg), and tamoxifen (6.6 mg/kg) to DMBA breast cancer rats. The tumor size, volume, hormonal, antioxidant, and whole mount parameters were estimated. Results: Mean tumor size and volume, luteinizing hormone, and progesterone with superoxide dismutases, catalase, and glutathione levels increased significantly (p<0.001); serum estradiol, follicle stimulating hormone with lipid peroxidation decreased significantly (p<0.001) in DMBA-induced breast cancer and vice versa in SMC and tamoxifen. Terminal end buds, terminal ducts, alveolar buds, and lobules decreased significantly (p<0.001) in DMBA-induced breast cancer whereas increased significantly in SMC and tamoxifen. Histological necrosis and hemorrhage along with focal desmoplastic reaction in DMBA-induced breast cancer; ductile elongation and hyperplasia of both ducts and alveoli were prominent, with increased secretory activity in SMC group. The results confirmed the chemopreventive effect of SMC and tamoxifen in DMBA-induced breast cancer. Conclusions: The SMC exhibited anti-tumor activity against mammary cancer, which may be due to its anti-estrogenic, antioxidant activity.
RESUMO
Glucose uptake by isolated diaphragms of both diabetic, following streptozotocin administration, and non-diabetic animals increased in presence of an oleanane-type triterpenoid saponin isolated from the roots of M. cymbalaria. Insulin release was augmented by the presence of the saponin of M. cymbalaria (1 mg/mL) in rat insulinoma cell line (RIN-5F) pre-exposed to adrenaline (5 µM) and nifedipine (50 µM). Pancreatic histology also indicated considerable quantitative increase in β-cells (75%) when treated with the saponin. The results suggest that the saponin of M. cymbalaria possesses potential antidiabetic activity with respect to insulin secretion, which may be attributed to modulation of calcium channel, and β-cell rejuvenation.