RESUMO
Background: Obesity is a chronic disease and a public health problem that is introduced as an important risk factor for catching obstructive sleep apnea [OSA] in some studies. The present study was done to investigate the relationship between obesity and OSA in depressed elderly patients
Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from 2014 to 2015 on 175 depressed elderly patients referred to health centers of Saqqez, using clustering and available sampling in saqqez. Demographic form, Geriatric Depression Scale [GDS] and Berlin Questionnaire were used to gather the data. Data were analyzed by SPSS [version 18] using descriptive statistics, Kolmogorov Smirinov, Mann Whitney- U, Chi-square and Exact Fischer tests. P- value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant
Results: 175 elderly depressed patients with mean age [+/- standard deviation] of 69.42+/-8 years were studied. 106 peoples [60.6%] were at high risk for OSA. There was a significant relationship between OSA and obesity [P<0.05]. The odds ratio for obesity in OSA people was 2.2 compared to those without OSA [OR: 2.2; 95%CI: 1.2-4.2; p <0.05]
Conclusion: There is relationship between body mass index and OSA in depressed elderly patients
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Nasopharyngeal carcinoma [NPC] has known as a highly distinct kind of head and neck cancer. This distinction has been due to its clinical presentation, epidemiology, outcome, and treatment. There have not been any reports of epidemiological analysis of NPC in Iran. This study has evaluated the incidence rates and trends of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in the Iranian population during 2004 to 2009. The data have collected from the Iranian national cancer data system registry. All the cases of nasopharyngeal carcinoma [with the topography code 11 and histology of carcinoma] have retrieved and analyzed from an overall cancer database during a 6-year period. The data have analyzed by using the SPSS, version 16. To determine the current incidence of NPC in Iran, we have examined the NPC cases from 2004 to 2009. A total of 1431 cases [981 male and 450 female NPC patients] have analyzed epidemiologically in this study. The mean age of the patients was 47.1 years. The incidence was 0.33 per 100000 persons. The overall incidence rate have increased annually [p<0.05]. The incidence of NPC gradually increased with age. Prefectures that bordering the Caspian Sea have proved to have a higher incidence than the other studied areas. Our study has indicated an increasing trend in the incidence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Therefore; attempts should be precipitated for prevention
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Masculino , IncidênciaRESUMO
To prevent and control the cancers in Iran, the Iranian Department of Health has released the cancer rates data of the country. As the report has suggested, the incidence rate of thyroid cancer would be the most rapidly increasing among all the cancers. The study has aimed to carry out a qualitative assessment of thyroid cancer in Iran, during the 2004 to 2009, in a cross-sectional setting. The incidence rates, the trend of individual provinces, the mean age at which the disease occurred, the correlation between incidence rate and median urinary iodine concentration were the parameters evaluated in our study. The average annual incidence rate during these six years was 2.17 per 100000. Chaharmahal-o-bakhtiari, had the highest incidence rate, but the East Azerbaijan provinces had the lowest incidence rates respectively. The age of diagnosis was the lowest in Ardebil but the highest in West Azerbaijan. In our study, we have found the positive correlation between thyroid cancer incidences with low urinary iodine concentration among all provinces [p-value=0.025]. Presently, the only recognized measure procedure for reducing thyroid cancer risk would be perhaps the correction of median urinary iodine concentration. Further researches have seemed to be required for investigation the other factors, in order to introduce preventive measures in Iran
RESUMO
This study developed and validated a questionnaire to measure the sexual health of patients with spinal cord injuries [SCI]. This was a cross-sectional study conducted at the Brain and Spinal Injury Research Center [BASIR], Tehran, Iran. Extensive review of literature, expert opinions, and encounters with SCI patients were used to develop and validate the questionnaires. There were 40 [32 males, 8 females] patients with SCI that presented for treatment at BASIR who enrolled in the study. Participants completed the questionnaires while they were admitted for medical care and during treatment follow-up visits. Participants completed the questionnaires twice, at a 2-4 week interval. Reliability testing for each measure was performed separately. Cronbach's alpha was used for internal consistency and test-retest was used for reliability. An expert committee approved the face and content validities of the questionnaires, Internal consistency of our questionnaires, was acceptable according to Cronbach's alpha that ranged from 0.73 for the sexual activity measure to 0.90 for the sexual adjustment measure. Test-retest reliability was satisfactory. Intraclass Correlation Coefficient [ICC] of measures ranged from 0.65 for sexual function to 0.84 for sexual activity. The sexual health measures has provided a valid assessment of sexuality-related matters in this sample of patients with SCI, which suggests that evaluation of sexual well-being may be useful in clinical trials and practice settings. Overall, the sexual health measures shows good internal consistency and test-retest reliability