[Detection of FMD sub-clinical infection in goats by using 3ABC elisa]

Goats play an important role in the epidemiology and transmission of Foot and Mouth Disease [FMD]. It is important to identify animals which were exposed to the virus and have developed antibodies. Such animals may become carriers and thus be a potential source of a new outbreak. Certain viral non-structural proteins [NSN] are produced during the process of infection by FMD virus [FMDV] and against which immunoglobulin may be formed; the most reliable single NSP indicator is the poly-protein 3ABC, antibodies which appear to provide conclusive evidence of previous infection, whether the animals have been vaccinated or not. A serosurvey was done in different provinces in Egypt to detect the infected goats by FMDV through using different serological tests. Serum Neutralization test, ELISA and FMDV-3ABC ELISA. It was found that goats gave a positive result to FMDV-3ABC ELISA which indicates the presence of previous infection between goats which remained sub clinical and acted as a carrier and as a source of infection causing outbreaks between other species as cattle, sheep and buffaloes

Vaccination of pregnant buffaloes with foot - and - mouth disease vaccine

Fifteen pregnant buffaloes at different periods of pregnancy and 5 non pregnant animals used as a control group were vaccinated with FMD vaccine and examined clinically for a week post-vaccination for any post-vaccinal reaction and the group of late stage of pregnancy was noticed after parturition for any stillbirths or abnormalities in their off springs. Serological analysis for serum neutralizing antibody titers were examined 15, 30 and 60 days post-vaccination for all animals. It is noticed that there were slight rise in the average body temperatures for 2 days postvaccination in the group of late stage of pregnancy and were normal in other groups. Also the average serum neutralizing antibody titers were lower in this group than in other groups especially few weeks before parturition. There were no abortion, stillbirths or any abnormalities in their off springs which denoted that FMD vaccine is safe for pregnant native breed buffaloes in Egypt