Zygomaticomaxillary buttress and its dilemma

Zygomatic fractures are the second most common fractures of the facial skeleton, after nasal bone fractures. Due to its uniqueness, the malar bone plays a very important role in maintaining appropriate facial contours. Zygomatic fractures can cause ocular and mandibular functional impairment, along with cosmetic defects. With the help of advanced imaging techniques and various treatment options, the management of zygomatic fractures has become more sophisticated and less invasive. This article discusses zygomatic fractures in detail: their clinical and radiographic features, and the various treatment options available.

Pneumocephalus in child following bilateral otomastoiditis and nasal septum infection

Pneumocephalus is collection of gas or air within the cranial cavity, commonly associated with trauma, cranial surgery, air embolism, open meningomyelocele; and rarely as a result of central nervous system infections

Asymptomatic Pneumocephalus usually recovers spontaneously within few days

Untreated pneumocephalus can progress to tension Pneumocephalus, manifesting as severe headache, dizziness, cranial nerve palsy, mental changes, seizure and disorientation. Herein, we report a rare case of pneumocephalus in a 9-month infant with subdural effusion following infection of nasal septum and Otomastoiditis

There was no sign of meningitis but CT head showed communication of intracranial dura mater across widened foramen caecum with pre-nasal space, and bilateral Otomastoiditis with erosion of anterior and lateral wall of right mastoid bone. The patient was treated successfully and discharged without sequelae

Massive subcutaneous emphysema and hypercarbia associated with laparoscopy

Laparoscopic surgical techniques have exp and ed tremendously within the last two decades and increasingly being used to treat intraperitoneal pathology. These minimally invasive techniques offer decreased operating time, decreased morbidity and decreased length of hospital stay. These procedures, however, are not completely safe and without potential morbidity. Massive and life threatening extraperitoneal pneumodissection after laparoscopic procedures is one of the uncommon complications associated with it. Here we describe a case of massive subcutaneous emphysema with prolonged hypercarbia

Massive surgical emphysema during laparoscopic surgery

A case of massive surgical emphysema [SE] during laparoscopic indirect inguinal hernia repair is reported. The complication was undetected intra operatively in spite of increase in EtCO[2] level. Common potential causes of increase in EtCO[2] were looked for and were ruled out. The diagnosis was made only at the end of surgery. With aggressive postoperative management in surgical ICU the patient made good recovery