RESUMO
BACKGROUND: An epidermal cyst is a common keratin-filled epithelial-lined cyst. The treatment of choice for epidermal cysts is surgical excision. If the cyst becomes ruptured, incision and drainage with oral antibiotic therapy or intralesional steroid injection are required. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the dermoscopic features that can differentiate between ruptured and unruptured epidermal cysts. METHODS: The clinical and dermoscopic features of the pathologically confirmed epidermal cysts of two subgroups of 38 patients, 20 with unruptured cysts and 18 with ruptured cysts, were reviewed. RESULTS: With regard to the dermoscopic features, an ivory- white background color and punctum were commonly found in both groups (p>0.05). The unruptured-cyst group showed higher frequencies of pore sign (p0.05), no vascular structure, and arborizing telangiectasia (p0.05) and peripheral linear branched vessels (with an erythematous rim) (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Dermoscopy is helpful in differentiating between ruptured and unruptured epidermal cysts.
Assuntos
Humanos , Dermoscopia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Drenagem , Cisto Epidérmico , TelangiectasiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: An epidermal cyst is a common keratin-filled epithelial-lined cyst. The treatment of choice for epidermal cysts is surgical excision. If the cyst becomes ruptured, incision and drainage with oral antibiotic therapy or intralesional steroid injection are required. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the dermoscopic features that can differentiate between ruptured and unruptured epidermal cysts. METHODS: The clinical and dermoscopic features of the pathologically confirmed epidermal cysts of two subgroups of 38 patients, 20 with unruptured cysts and 18 with ruptured cysts, were reviewed. RESULTS: With regard to the dermoscopic features, an ivory- white background color and punctum were commonly found in both groups (p>0.05). The unruptured-cyst group showed higher frequencies of pore sign (p0.05), no vascular structure, and arborizing telangiectasia (p0.05) and peripheral linear branched vessels (with an erythematous rim) (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Dermoscopy is helpful in differentiating between ruptured and unruptured epidermal cysts.
Assuntos
Humanos , Dermoscopia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Drenagem , Cisto Epidérmico , TelangiectasiaRESUMO
Spitz nevus is a benign melanocytic nevus, common in children or young adults, and it has histological features that are confused with those of malignant melanoma. Polypoid Spitz nevus is the benign counterpart of polypoid malignant melanoma. A 22-year-old woman presented with a solitary 1.5×1.5 cm-sized firm polypoid erythematous nodule on the left thigh. On dermoscopy, pink to yellowish lagoons intermingled by white fibrous septa were found but milky red globules or irregular linear vessels were not found. Therefore, melanoma almost could be ruled out cautiously. Histopathology showed symmetrical, well-circumscribed, polypoid architecture with predominant dermal nests of spindle cells. Immunohistochemically, the nevus cells were strongly positive for S-100 protein and negative for HMB-45. Thus, the diagnosis of polypoid Spitz nevus was made. Herein, we report a case of polypoid Spitz nevus that was differentiated from polypoid melanoma by histopathologic and dermoscopic findings.
Assuntos
Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Adulto Jovem , Dermoscopia , Diagnóstico , Melanoma , Nevo , Nevo de Células Epitelioides e Fusiformes , Nevo Pigmentado , Proteínas S100 , Coxa da PernaRESUMO
No abstract available.
Assuntos
Condiloma Acuminado , Dermoscopia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Linfangioma , VulvaRESUMO
No abstract available.
Assuntos
Humanos , Falência Renal Crônica , Porfiria Cutânea Tardia , Porfirias , Diálise RenalRESUMO
Vinorelbine, a vinca alkaloid anticancer drug, is widely used to treat various cancers. Several dermatological side effects of vinorelbine, such as acral erythema, phlebitis, and severe extravasation reactions, have been reported. Vinorelbine is categorized as non-DNA binding vesicant that undergoes high metabolism and clearance, which limits the degree of tissue injury if extravasation occurs. A 73-year-old male presented with erythematous linear patches on his left wrist and a 51-year-old male presented with erythematous eroded patches and bullae on his right forearm. Histopathologic study showed interface changes with basal vacuolar degeneration and epidermal dysmaturation. Separation of the dermis from the epidermis was observed, as well as interstitial and perivascular inflammatory infiltrates in the dermis. Both patients were being treated with vinorelbine for lung cancer. Before the onset of the skin lesions, accidental intravenous extravasation of vinorelbine had occurred. Herein, we report two cases of chemotherapy induced drug reaction due to extravasation of vinorelbine.
Assuntos
Idoso , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Citocromo P-450 CYP1A1 , Derme , Tratamento Farmacológico , Epiderme , Eritema , Antebraço , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Metabolismo , Flebite , Pele , Vinca , PunhoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: An epidermal cyst is a common keratin-filled epithelial-lined cyst. The treatment of choice for epidermal cysts is surgical excision. If the cyst becomes ruptured, inflamed, or infected, then incision and drainage together with oral antibiotic therapy or intralesional steroid injection treatment is required. Identification of ruptured and unruptured cysts is important for treatment decisions. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of epidermal cysts, and to analyze distinctive features that can differentiate between ruptured and unruptured epidermal cysts. METHODS: We reviewed the clinical and sonographic features of pathologically confirmed epidermal cysts from 2 subgroups of 66 patients: 30 with unruptured cysts and 36 with ruptured cysts. The sonographic features used in the analysis included tumor size, margin, shape, tumor texture, posterior echo, internal debris, and lesion vascularity on color Doppler sonography. RESULTS: The mean long diameter of the cysts was 10.95 mm in the unruptured cyst group and 12 mm in the ruptured cyst group. Some sonographic features, including heterogenous and hypoechoic echo texture, posterior echo enhancement, and internal hyperechoic and hypoechoic debris, showed no significant differences between the groups (p>0.05). The unruptured cyst group showed cysts with significantly higher frequencies of a well-circumscribed margin, an ovoid shape, and no vascular flow (p<0.05). In contrast, the ruptured cyst group usually had cysts with a poorly defined or slightly poorly defined margin, an irregular shape, peripheral vascular flow, and mild or moderate flow vascularity. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that ultrasonography is helpful in differentiating between ruptured and unruptured epidermal cysts.
Assuntos
Humanos , Diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Drenagem , Cisto Epidérmico , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: An epidermal cyst is a common keratin-filled epithelial-lined cyst. The treatment of choice for epidermal cysts is surgical excision. If the cyst becomes ruptured, inflamed, or infected, then incision and drainage together with oral antibiotic therapy or intralesional steroid injection treatment is required. Identification of ruptured and unruptured cysts is important for treatment decisions. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of epidermal cysts, and to analyze distinctive features that can differentiate between ruptured and unruptured epidermal cysts. METHODS: We reviewed the clinical and sonographic features of pathologically confirmed epidermal cysts from 2 subgroups of 66 patients: 30 with unruptured cysts and 36 with ruptured cysts. The sonographic features used in the analysis included tumor size, margin, shape, tumor texture, posterior echo, internal debris, and lesion vascularity on color Doppler sonography. RESULTS: The mean long diameter of the cysts was 10.95 mm in the unruptured cyst group and 12 mm in the ruptured cyst group. Some sonographic features, including heterogenous and hypoechoic echo texture, posterior echo enhancement, and internal hyperechoic and hypoechoic debris, showed no significant differences between the groups (p>0.05). The unruptured cyst group showed cysts with significantly higher frequencies of a well-circumscribed margin, an ovoid shape, and no vascular flow (p<0.05). In contrast, the ruptured cyst group usually had cysts with a poorly defined or slightly poorly defined margin, an irregular shape, peripheral vascular flow, and mild or moderate flow vascularity. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that ultrasonography is helpful in differentiating between ruptured and unruptured epidermal cysts.
Assuntos
Humanos , Diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Drenagem , Cisto Epidérmico , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
Cutaneous metastases of malignant melanoma are usually confined to the dermis or subcutaneous fat. In some instances, however, they may involve the epidermis. A 68-year-old woman with a malignant melanoma on the subungual area of the right great toe presented with multiple blackish pinhead-sized macules surrounding an ulcerative lesion on the right great toe. Histopathological study of the macules showed atypical melanocytes and melanocytic nests in the papillary dermis and the dermoepidermal junction. A thinning of the epidermis, widening of the dermal papillae by aggregated atypical melanocytes, epidermal collarette formation, and angiotropism were also seen. A diagnosis of epidermotropic metastatic malignant melanoma (EMMM) was made. EMMM is a specific form of metastatic malignant melanoma that is associated with epidermotropism of melanoma cells and several histopathological features. The differential diagnosis between primary malignant melanoma and EMMM can be difficult because of their similar clinical and histological features. Here, we report a case demonstrating EMMM.
Assuntos
Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Derme , Diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Epiderme , Melanócitos , Melanoma , Metástase Neoplásica , Gordura Subcutânea , Dedos do Pé , ÚlceraRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Several side effects such as pain, erythema, and hyperpigmentation have been reported following photodynamic therapy (PDT). OBJECTIVE: We sought to compare the pigmentary changes induced by PDT with 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and those induced by PDT with methyl aminolevulinate (MAL) in people with skin phototypes III-IV over a 6 month period. METHODS: In ten healthy volunteers, six skin areas on the upper arm of each subject were treated with (A) ALA 20% in base cream without irradiation, (A1) MAL 16.8% without irradiation, (B), (B1) control vehicles, (C) ALA 20% in base cream, and (C1) MAL 16.8%. Areas (B), (B1), (C), and (C1) were irradiated at four hours after photosensitizer or vehicle application. Irradiation was administered twice with a 1 week interval. The effects on the skin were assessed by visual and colorimetric evaluations. RESULTS: On (C) and (C1) areas, erythema and pigmentation were most pronounced at 30 minutes after the second irradiation. Erythema rapidly diminished but pigmentation persisted throughout the study. Erythema and pigmentation on (C)-treated areas were more prominent and prolonged than those on (C1)-treated areas. CONCLUSION: In subjects with skin phototypes III-IV, pigmentation tends to last for more than 6 months after PDT. The ALA-treated skin areas developed more severe and prolonged erythema and pigmentation than the MAL-treated skin areas.
Assuntos
Braço , Eritema , Voluntários Saudáveis , Hiperpigmentação , Fotoquimioterapia , Pigmentação , PeleRESUMO
Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis (EPF) is an inflammatory disease characterized by pruritic follicular papulopustules of unknown etiology. EPF is clinically characterized by annular configurations on the face, trunk, and extremities. EPF rarely affects the palms and soles where hair follicles are absent. Histopathologically, a number of eosinophils infiltrate around and into hair follicles. A 44-year-old man visited us with pruritic plaques on the face, crusted patches and pustules on the both palms and soles. Histopathologic findings of the pustule on the palms and soles showed spongiosis and intraepidermal vesicular formations containing numerous eosinophils, with dermal perivascular infiltrates consisting of eosinophils and lymphocytes. Histopathologic findings of facial lesion showed dense eosinophils and lymphocytes around hair follicles. Another patient who 28-year-old man visited us with pruritic papules and pustules on the face, trunk, and soles. Histopathologic findings of the pustules on the sole and face were similar with those of the preceding patient. The diagnosis of EPF with palmoplantar involvement was made. The patients were treated with oral dapsone, resulting in a significant improvement in skin lesions. Herein we report two cases of EPF manifested on the face and palmoplantar areas.
Assuntos
Adulto , Humanos , Dapsona , Diagnóstico , Eosinófilos , Extremidades , Foliculite , Folículo Piloso , Linfócitos , PeleRESUMO
BACKGROUND: As the immunocompromised population has increased in recent years, the number of cutaneous nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infections has also risen. However, since this affliction has no pathognomonic clinical or histological features, the diagnosis and treatment of cutaneous NTM infections are often delayed. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the microbiological, clinical, and histological findings of cutaneous NTM infections. METHODS: We reviewed medical records and histologic slides of 10 patients diagnosed with cutaneous NTM infections confirmed by culture or polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: All patients except one were immunocompetent, and 5 of 10 patients had preceding factors including trauma, liposuction, and intralesional triamcinolone injection. Microbiologically, of the 10 infections, 5 were caused by Mycobacterium marinum, 3 by Mycobacterium fortuitum, and 1 each by Mycobacterium chelonae and Mycobacterium ulcerans, respectively. Of the 5 patients with M. marinum, 2 had a fish-related job and 1 reared fish at a home aquarium. The most common clinical presentation was erythematous nodules (7/10). Histologically, irregular acanthosis (4/10), mixed cell infiltrate of lymphocytes, histiocytes, neutrophils (9/10), suppurative granuloma (7/10), microcysts lined by neutrophils (5/10), fibrosis (4/10), and panniculitis (7/10) were identified. CONCLUSION: We found microcysts lined by neutrophils in 50% of the samples and considered this finding to be a diagnostic marker of NTM infection. These clinicopathologic features will assist clinicians in diagnosing NTM infection more rapidly and accurately.
Assuntos
Humanos , Diagnóstico , Fibrose , Granuloma , Histiócitos , Lipectomia , Linfócitos , Prontuários Médicos , Mycobacterium chelonae , Mycobacterium fortuitum , Mycobacterium marinum , Mycobacterium ulcerans , Neutrófilos , Micobactérias não Tuberculosas , Paniculite , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , TriancinolonaRESUMO
PNP is a rare autoimmune mucocutaneous blistering disease associated with neoplasms, most frequently of the lymphoproliferative type. As PNP is clinically characterized by polymorphous mucosal lesions and cutaneous eruptions, it is important to differentiate it from erythema multiforme, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, lichen planus, and other bullous diseases. A diagnosis of PNP can be confirmed by immunologic studies such as direct and indirect immunofluorescence, immunoblotting, immunoprecipitation. Rare PNP cases related to nonhematological solid tumors have been reported. A 54-year-old male visited us with generalized pruritic scaly lichenoid lesions on the whole body from 5 weeks prior to his first visit. He also presented with extensive painful ulcers and erosions on the oral mucosa and lips for 2 months. Histopathologic findings showed lichenoid infiltration with vacuolar interface change, lichenoid interface dermatitis, keratinocyte apoptosis, and suprabasal acantholysis with cleft. Indirect immunofluorescence using normal human skin showed IgG deposition at the intercellular space. Immunoblotting using normal epidermal extracts in the serum of patient detected antibody to the 190 kDa (envoplakin), 210 kDa (periplakin) molecules polypeptides. He also had a hepatocellular carcinoma and chemoradiotherapy done before. The diagnosis of paraneoplastic pemphigus (PNP) was made. To our knowledge, there are only two reports of PNP associated with hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide, yet no report in Korean literature. Herein, we report the first case of PNP associated with hepatocellular carcinoma in Korea.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Acantólise , Apoptose , Vesícula , Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Quimiorradioterapia , Dermatite , Diagnóstico , Eritema Multiforme , Espaço Extracelular , Técnica Indireta de Fluorescência para Anticorpo , Immunoblotting , Imunoglobulina G , Imunoprecipitação , Queratinócitos , Coreia (Geográfico) , Líquen Plano , Lábio , Mucosa Bucal , Pênfigo , Peptídeos , Pele , Síndrome de Stevens-Johnson , ÚlceraRESUMO
Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) is a rare vascular tumor that has been reported in systemic organs and in the skin as a biologically "borderline" neoplasm with intermediate malignant potentials. Skin involvement in EHE is rare, but when present, it occurs most commonly in the upper and lower extremities, presenting as a solitary, slightly painful, soft tissue mass. Skin involvement is often associated with underlying soft tissues or bone tumors. Histopathological study reveals cords and nests of epithelioid endothelial cells in a myxoid or hyalinized background and small intracytoplasmic vacuoles containing red blood cells. There have been no reported cases yet describing the dermoscopic features of EHE. Herein, we describe a young woman who developed cutaneous EHE that enlarged during pregnancy, we provided the dermoscopic findings and a review of the relevant literature.
Assuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Gravidez , Dermoscopia , Células Endoteliais , Eritrócitos , Hemangioendotelioma Epitelioide , Hialina , Extremidade Inferior , Pele , VacúolosRESUMO
Iododerma is a rare cutaneous eruption that occurs after oral, parenteral or topical administration of iodides. Acneiform papulopustular lesions are the most common skin reactions of iododerma and erythematous, vesiculobullous, vegetative, and pustular psoriasis-like lesions appear less commonly. A 40-year-old woman with post-thyroidectomy presented with pustular and crusted patches with erythematous and indurated bases on the face and well-defined purplish crusted desquamative plaques on the lower legs at 10 days after radioactive iodine-131 ablation. Based on clinicopathological findings and history, she was diagnosed with iododerma following radioactive iodine ablation. Hypersensitivity to iodine is more uncommon in iodine-131 therapy compared with other iodine-containing substances since the quantity of sodium iodide is infinitely small. As iododerma following radioactive iodine ablation is a rare entity, so clinicians need to know about the possibilities of developing the skin lesion along with other early side effects before administering iodine-131 therapy.