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BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES@#This study was designed to investigate the improvement effect of white ginseng extract (GS-KG9) on D-galactosamine (Ga1N)-induced oxidative stress and liver injury. @*SUBJECTS/METHODS@#Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 6 groups. Rats were orally administrated with GS-KG9 (300, 500, or 700 mg/kg) or silymarin (25 mg/kg) for 2 weeks. The rats of the GS-KG9- and silymarin-treated groups and a control group were then intraperitoneally injected Ga1N at a concentration of 650 mg/kg for 4 days. To investigate the protective effect of GS-KG9 against GalN-induced liver injury, blood liver function indicators, anti-oxidative stress indicators, and histopathological features were analyzed. @*RESULTS@#Serum biochemical analysis indicated that GS-KG9 ameliorated the elevation of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in GalN-treated rats. The hepatoprotective effects of GS-KG9 involved enhancing components of the hepatic antioxidant defense system, including glutathione, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT). In addition, GS-KG9 treatment inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS) production induced by GalN treatment in hepatocytes and significantly increased the expression levels of nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) proteins, which are antioxidant proteins. In particular, by histological analyses bases on hematoxylin and eosin, Masson's trichrome, α-smooth muscle actin, and transforming growth factor-β1 staining, we determined that the administration of 500 mg/kg GS-KG9 inhibited hepatic inflammation and fibrosis due to the excessive accumulation of collagen. @*CONCLUSIONS@#These findings demonstrate that GS-KG9 improves GalN-induced liver inflammation, necrosis, and fibrosis by attenuating oxidative stress. Therefore, GS-KG9 may be considered a useful candidate in the development of a natural preventive agent against liver injury.
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PURPOSE: Ultrarush immunotherapy (ultra-RIT) is more convenient and higher compliant than conventional immunotherapy, but it has rarely used in clinical practice due to severe systemic reactions. This study aimed to determine the safety of ultra-RIT in children and adolescents. METHODS: We investigated 19 patients who received ultra-RIT with the same schedule between January 2011 and May 2016. They were sensitized to house dust mites (HDMs) and/or pollen and had their symptoms associated with positive allergens. Over a 1-day hospitalization period, all patients received ultra-RIT subcutaneously 3 times, increasing at hourly intervals. Systemic reactions were classified according to the World Allergy Organization grade system. RESULTS: Systemic reactions occurred in 14 patients (73.7%). The mean time to adverse reactions after the last injection was 36 minutes, and the majority of systemic reactions were pruritus and urticaria. In addition, the injection of HDM alone or HDM plus pollen caused more than grade 2 systemic reactions in about 50% each of the patients. CONCLUSION: Since ultra-RIT caused a higher incidence of systemic reactions in children and adolescents, it should be carried out cautiously in the hospitalization rather than the office.
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Adolescente , Criança , Humanos , Alérgenos , Agendamento de Consultas , Hospitalização , Hipersensibilidade , Imunoterapia , Incidência , Injeções Subcutâneas , Pediatria , Pólen , Prurido , Pyroglyphidae , UrticáriaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the relationship of occupational class and educational background with proportional mortality ratios in Korea. METHODS: Mortality was investigated using the entire registered death data from 1993 to 2004, obtained from the Korean National Statistics Office. Proportional mortality ratios (PMRs) for specific diseases were calculated according to the occupational class and educational background of men aged 20-64. RESULTS: Manual workers were found to have higher PMRs for liver disease and traffic accidents, as did the lower educated group. Especially, this study showed trends of an increasing of the wide gap between lower and higher socioeconomic stati for liver disease, traffic accidents, diabetes mellitus and cerebral vascular disease. The mortality for cerebrovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, traffic accident and liver disease showed increasing trends according to the calendar year for the lower than the higher social class. CONCLUSIONS: The specific conditions that had higher PMRs in the Korean lower social class were liver disease and traffic accidents. Especially, there was an increasing trend for a widening of the gap between manual and nonmanual groups in relation to mortality from liver disease, diabetes mellitus and traffic accidents.
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Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Masculino , Humanos , Adulto , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Razão de Chances , Ocupações/classificação , Hepatopatias/mortalidade , Coreia (Geográfico)/epidemiologia , Escolaridade , Diabetes Mellitus/mortalidade , Transtornos Cerebrovasculares/mortalidade , Causas de Morte/tendências , Acidentes de Trânsito/mortalidadeRESUMO
Angioleiomyoma is a solid benign tumor, which is often painful. It can be found in the dermis, subcutaneous fat and fascia. Peak incidence is during the fourth to sixth decades of life. Angioleiomyoma in the hand can be treated with simple excision, and is relatively rare in the hand. So far, there has been no report of angioleiomyoma in the hand in South Korea. The authors experienced two cases of angioleiomyoma in the hand; one in the second web space and the other in the fifth metacarpal region. Both patients were treated by simple excision. There was no evidence of recurrence at one-year follow up.
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Humanos , Angiomioma , Derme , Fáscia , Seguimentos , Mãos , Incidência , Coreia (Geográfico) , Recidiva , Gordura SubcutâneaRESUMO
No Abstract Available.
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Autoenxertos , Ligamentos , Ligamento Patelar , Ligamento Cruzado Posterior , TransplantesRESUMO
PURPOSE: The object of present study was to investigate the relationship between LCPD and the abnormality of certain plasma proteins affecting clot mechanism and fibrinolysis in patients with LCP disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-five consecutive patients who had been diagnosed as LCP disease were matched with twenty-five controls for gender, age (2-year range) , and the time of presentation (1-year range) . There were twenty-three boys and two girls. The mean age of the children when the LCP disease was diagnosed was 6.7 years ( range, 2.1-12.8 years) , and the mean age at the time of the present study was 7.9 years ( range, 3.4 - 13 year) . Thrombotic disorders were investigated for protein C activity/antigenicity, protein S activity/antigenicity, antithrombin III, anticardiolipin antibody Ig G, anticardiolipin antibody Ig M, lupus antibody. Fibrinolytic disorders were investigated for tissue type plasminogen activator (t-PA) , plasminogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) , alpha 2 plasmin inhibitor, lipoprotein (a) . Wilcoxon rank sum test was used for the comparison. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in coagulation system and fibrinolytic system between patients and controls. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that abnormality in coagulation and fibrinolytic system is not associated with Legg-Calv -Perthes disease.