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1.
Braz. J. Psychiatry (São Paulo, 1999, Impr.) ; 38(4): 275-280, Oct.-Dec. 2016. tab
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-798081

RESUMO

Objective: To assess cognitive performance and psychosocial functioning in patients with bipolar disorder (BD), in unaffected siblings, and in healthy controls. Methods: Subjects were patients with BD (n=36), unaffected siblings (n=35), and healthy controls (n=44). Psychosocial functioning was accessed using the Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST). A sub-group of patients with BD (n=21), unaffected siblings (n=14), and healthy controls (n=22) also underwent a battery of neuropsychological tests: California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT), Stroop Color and Word Test, and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Clinical and sociodemographic characteristics were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance or the chi-square test; multivariate analysis of covariance was used to examine differences in neuropsychological variables. Results: Patients with BD showed higher FAST total scores (23.90±11.35) than healthy controls (5.86±5.47; p < 0.001) and siblings (12.60±11.83; p 0.001). Siblings and healthy controls also showed statistically significant differences in FAST total scores (p = 0.008). Patients performed worse than healthy controls on all CVLT sub-tests (p < 0.030) and in the number of correctly completed categories on WCST (p = 0.030). Siblings did not differ from healthy controls in cognitive tests. Conclusion: Unaffected siblings of patients with BD may show poorer functional performance compared to healthy controls. FAST scores may contribute to the development of markers of vulnerability and endophenotypic traits in at-risk populations.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Transtorno Bipolar/psicologia , Cognição/fisiologia , Transtornos Cognitivos/psicologia , Irmãos/psicologia , Aprendizagem Verbal , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Estudos Transversais , Análise Multivariada , Transtornos Cognitivos/fisiopatologia , Endofenótipos , Deficiências da Aprendizagem/diagnóstico , Transtornos da Memória/diagnóstico
2.
Psychol. neurosci. (Impr.) ; 6(3): 397-401, July-Dec. 2013. ilus, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-703103

RESUMO

A tryptophan diet reduces aggressive behavior in different species, although some controversial findings have been reported. We studied 65 male mice divided into four groups according to increasing dosages of tryptophan (10, 20, 30, and 100 mg/kg) and a control group (vehicle). The first four groups ingested 10, 20, 30, and 100 mg/kg tryptophan together with cellulose vehicle and water by gavage before the behavioral tests that sought to record aggressive behavior. The control group received only the vehicle at the same time that the other groups received the tryptophan solutions. The results showed that low concentrations (10 and 20 mg/kg) of tryptophan decreased (p < .04) the frequency of attack bites and lateral threats (i.e., aggressive components; p < .02) after an encounter with a male intruder without altering locomotor activity. In conclusion, the low concentrations of tryptophan diminished aggressive behavior against a male intruder...


Assuntos
Animais , Camundongos , Comportamento Animal , Comportamento Impulsivo , Camundongos , Triptofano/uso terapêutico
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