RESUMO
Nanophthalmos refers to an eyeball of short axial length, usually less than 20 mm which leads to angle closure glaucoma due to relatively large lens. Intra-ocular lens extraction relieves the angle closure in nanophthalmos. Cataract surgery in a nanophthalmic eye is technically difficult with high risk of complications such as posterior capsular rupture, uveal effusion, choroidal haemorrhage, vitreous haemorrhage, malignant glaucoma, retinal detachment and aqueous misdirection. Various options are explained in the literature to perform cataract surgery in nanophthalmos, like extracapsular cataract extraction with or without sclerostomy; small-incision cataract extraction by phacoemulsification which not only helps maintain the anterior chamber during surgery but also reduces the incidence of complications due to less fluctuation of intraocular pressure [IOP] during the surgery. Cataract surgery deepens and widens the anterior chamber angle in nanophthalmic eyes and has beneficial effects on IOP in eyes with nanophthalmos but is associated with a high incidence of complications
RESUMO
Uveal effusion syndrome is characterized by annular ciliochoroidal detachment, shifting non-rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, unremarkable inflammation in the anterior eye segment and normal intraocular pressure. A 36-year-old Caucasian hypermetropic male presented in the eye casualty with a week history of curtain like effect in front of his left eye associated with worsening of vision and flashing lights. Left fundus examination revealed retinal detachment with smooth shaped elevation superonasaly and detached retina inferiorly confirmed on ultrasound B-scan with no tobacco dust in the anterior vitreous. Diagnosis of uveal effusion syndrome was made. Lamellar sclerectomies in the two quadrants were performed. Fourteen months postoperatively, the left eye choroidal effusion gradually settled down and at 18 months the retina flattened. Early diagnosis, close follow-up, and appropriate management are mandatory to improve or maintain visual function in such patients