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1.
Artigo | IMSEAR | ID: sea-205324

RESUMO

Aim: Digital rectal examination (DRE) grading and the grade of prostatomegaly on cystoscopy are routinely used in clinical practice, but its correlation to prostate volume is understudied. This study was done to assess the correlation of DRE and endoscopic grading with the prostate volume on trans-rectal ultrasound (TRUS). Materials and Methods: This study was carried out in 101 eligible patients with prostatomegaly. Each patient was evaluated for three parameters, prostate volume by TRUS examination, DRE and endoscopic grading on cystoscopy. Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated to find the correlation between variables, p<0.05 was taken to be statistically significant. Data were analyzed using the Epi Info (TM) 7.2.2.2. Results: Significant positive correlation (p<0.001) was found between TRUS Volume and DRE grading (Pearson Correlation=0.945) and TRUS volume and Endoscopic grading (Pearson Correlation=0.949). Both the grading were also significantly positively correlated (Pearson Correlation=0.989, p<0.001). Conclusion: Our attempt for correlating the digital rectal grading and endoscopic grading with prostate volume is satisfactorily validated in the clinical setting. These grades are sufficient to provide a rough estimation of the prostate volume and to classify patients with prostatomegaly.

2.
Artigo | IMSEAR | ID: sea-205570

RESUMO

Background: Vesicovaginal fistula (VVF) is a grave complication of gynecological surgeries and vaginal deliveries, leading to physical, psychological, and social implications. In India, due to the high patient turnover, it is not uncommon to find such patients in every region. While various works elaborate the surgical aspect of VVF, there is a dearth of literature on qualitative research. Objective: This study was done to better understand the impact of physical, psychological, and social factors on the lives of patient with VVF. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in the department of urology at a tertiary care hospital. It was a descriptive qualitative study that involved audio recorded in-depth interviews of 18 such patients followed by their transcription and qualitative data analysis. Results: We identified five major categories from the transcripts, namely, understanding of the disease, initial reaction of the patient, reaction of the husband and family, personal and physical discomfort, and social implications. While majority of the perceptions were also reported in the previous studies, we found some unique perceptions in the form of false perception of urine leak from urethra in spite of vagina and blaming, the birth of female child for bad luck was found in our study. Another favorable unique response not noted in other studies was excellent family support in half of the patients. Conclusion: Our study supports the idea that VVF has far deeper implications other than physical discomfort. This study promotes wholesome management of patients, family, and society using a multidisciplinary approach.

3.
Indian J Physiol Pharmacol ; 2016 Apr-Jun; 60(2): 145-154
Artigo em Inglês | IMSEAR | ID: sea-179551

RESUMO

Objectives: Altered biomechanics leads to the development of degenerative joint disease. The joint pressure and dynamic loading varies during activities of daily living. The study was undertaken to assess the muscle activation pattern of the medial and lateral knee compartments (tibiofemoral joint) during gait in osteoarthritis subjects without and with knee brace undergoing either exercise therapy or balance therapy. The joint load was assessed by the strain gauge transducer and the weight shift pattern is taken as an indicator for the muscle activation pattern. Methods: In a prospective design study on 57 male subjects diagnosed osteoarthritis knee with KellagrenLawrennce scale walked barefooted with and without designed offloader knee brace on a level surface for three minutes. The subjects were allocated in two different study groups i.e. Conventional (exercise therapy) (Control Group, n=31) and Structured Neuromuscular Postural Training (SNPT) group (Balance therapy) (Study Group, n=26). The subjects were sub grouped as pre-elderly (40-60 Years) and elderly (>61 years) group in both. The quantitative assessment of muscle activity and joint loading with and without knee brace was done using designed strain gauge sensor instrument. The pressure changes of strain gauges of muscles around the knee joint viz. vastus medialis (VM), vastus lateralis (VL), semi membranosus / tendinosus (Medial Hamstring) (MH), Biceps Femoris (Lateral Hamstring) (LH), gastro-soleus (GS) and tibialis anterior (TA) muscles during normal gait were observed at baseline and 6 weeks follow up after undergoing exercise therapy or balance therapy treatment as per allocation of study groups. The digital values from MATLAB were recorded and analyzed. Results: At the end of 6 weeks conventional / SNPT (structured neuromuscular postural training) treatments, medial hamstring muscle activity showed significant difference (p<0.001) in pre-elderly subgroup, while significant difference was seen in vastus laterals (VL), medial hamstring (MH) (p<0.005) and lateral hamstring (LH) muscles (p<0.001) in elderly subgroup

4.
Indian J Exp Biol ; 2007 May; 45(5): 444-9
Artigo em Inglês | IMSEAR | ID: sea-60106

RESUMO

Left femur was osteotomized and fixed with K wire in 21 rabbits. One group was fed simvastatin (120 mg/kg body wt/day) orally, whereas another group without medication served as control. Both groups were assessed radiologically, morphologically, histologically and biomechanically at 4, 8 and 12 weeks. An analysis of various parameters of study showed that simvastatin treated group had improved bone healing at 4 and 8 weeks of follow up, however, the difference was not significant statistically at 12 weeks. So it is concluded that Simvastatin favourably hastened the process of fracture healing in the rabbits at earlier phases.


Assuntos
Animais , Reabsorção Óssea/prevenção & controle , Calo Ósseo/efeitos dos fármacos , Fêmur/lesões , Consolidação da Fratura/efeitos dos fármacos , Fraturas Ósseas/tratamento farmacológico , Coelhos , Sinvastatina/farmacologia , Estresse Mecânico , Fatores de Tempo
5.
Indian J Pathol Microbiol ; 2005 Jul; 48(3): 314-7
Artigo em Inglês | IMSEAR | ID: sea-75455

RESUMO

Total 14 cases of myeloma in young age group (<40 years) have been reported out of 178 cases of myeloma in a time period of 7 years (1993-1999). Males predominated overfe males. Like adult myeloma, patients presented mostly with the backache, pain in pelvis, lower spine and weakness in about 60% of cases followed by swelling of bone in 40% of cases. One case presented with bleeding gum, malena and hepatosplenomegaly and was diagnosed as plasma cell leukemia. Radiological examination revealed lytic lesion in almost all the cases with fracture femur and rib in 28.57% of cases. Anaemia and raised ESR was noted in all the cases. Myeloma typing revealed IgG myeloma in 10 cases, light chain myeloma in 3 cases and IgA myeloma in one case. None of the patient was traceable after 2 years. Thus our study concludes that myeloma in the young age in India occurs in increased frequency and clinically presents just like adult and elderly myeloma, but serologically are predominantly of IgG type. There is also an increased frequency of solitary plasmacytoma as compared to adult myeloma.


Assuntos
Adulto , Fatores Etários , Proteína de Bence Jones/urina , Feminino , Humanos , Imunoeletroforese , Imunoglobulina G/sangue , Índia/epidemiologia , Masculino , Mieloma Múltiplo/epidemiologia , Paraproteinemias
6.
Artigo em Inglês | IMSEAR | ID: sea-90495

RESUMO

AIM: Muscle bleed in hemophilics can result in compressive neuropathy and permanent disability if not treated properly in time. Twenty cases of peripheral nerve involvement in hemophilics are presented with an aim to highlight its features and the role of pulsed ultrasound in the management. METHODOLOGY: Between January, 1999 and 2000 June, 134 patients of bleeding disorders were examined. Twenty of them presented with features of nerve palsy. In addition to usual conservative treatment, pulse ultrasound electrotherapy of 10-15 sittings was used in all the cases. RESULTS: Femoral nerve was involved in majority (15), followed by sciatic (4) and peroneal nerve in one case. Femoral nerve involvement was associated with iliacus bleed in 13 patients and inguinal bleed in two cases. All the four cases of sciatic nerve palsy were associated with gluteal hematoma. Only case of peroneal nerve palsy was associated with hematoma at upper leg and calf. Twelve cases improved completely within six months whereas another four recovered around 10 months. Remaining four showed only partial recovery even when followed up to 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: Recognition of nerve complications in hemophilics is important to avoid long-term disability. Conservative therapy starting early was associated with favourable results. Pulsed ultrasound therapy at the site of haematoma helped in early regression of hematoma and neural recovery.


Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Terapia por Estimulação Elétrica , Feminino , Hemofilia A/complicações , Humanos , Masculino , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Periférico/diagnóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento
7.
Indian J Pediatr ; 2001 Oct; 68(10): 987-8
Artigo em Inglês | IMSEAR | ID: sea-84566

RESUMO

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic necrotizing vasculitis affecting medium and small sized arteries. The diagnosis is based entirely on recognition of a typical sequence of clinical features. Detection of any one clinical feature does not have any diagnostic significance. We report an uncommon case of Kawasaki disease in 10 months old male child with the analysis of its natural history, etiopathology, treatment and prognosis of the disease.


Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios não Esteroides/uso terapêutico , Aspirina/uso terapêutico , Sedimentação Sanguínea , Proteína C-Reativa/análise , Humanos , Imunoglobulinas Intravenosas/uso terapêutico , Lactente , Masculino , Síndrome de Linfonodos Mucocutâneos/diagnóstico
8.
Indian J Pediatr ; 2001 Sep; 68(9): 889-90
Artigo em Inglês | IMSEAR | ID: sea-82837

RESUMO

G.B. Syndrome is an acute flaccid lower motor neuron (LMN) paralysis. The diagnosis is based on clinical presentation, course of illness with supportive investigations. This article reports an uncommon case of GB Syndrome caused by HSV infection in a 2 yr-9 mth-old child and have analysed the natural history, etiopathology, treatment and prognosis of the disease.


Assuntos
Pré-Escolar , Síndrome de Guillain-Barré/diagnóstico , Herpes Simples/complicações , Humanos , Masculino , Resultado do Tratamento
9.
Artigo em Inglês | IMSEAR | ID: sea-51852

RESUMO

A rare case of oral myoepithelioma is reported. The tumour was composed of plasmacytoid type of myoepithelial cells. These plasmacytoid cells or hyaline cells exhibited a diffuse positivity for pancytokeratin, S-100 and vimentin in their cytoplasm. Studies have to be performed in order to find out whether the myoepithelial cells M.E. of plasmacytoid type are true M.E. cells of not.


Assuntos
Adulto , Humanos , Imuno-Histoquímica , Queratinas/análise , Masculino , Mioepitelioma/química , Palato , Proteínas S100/análise , Neoplasias das Glândulas Salivares/química , Glândulas Salivares Menores/patologia , Vimentina/análise
10.
Indian J Med Sci ; 1999 Feb; 53(2): 61-7
Artigo em Inglês | IMSEAR | ID: sea-66337

RESUMO

Based on experiments on fresh cadaveric and accidentally amputated 8 upper limbs of children, study of ulnae for presence and absence of non articular strip on the trochlear notch, measurements of carrying angle, length of forearm bones, pronation-supination, height and weight in 2250 infants, children and adults of various age groups and clinical observations on 800 cases of injuries around elbow many new facts have been observed about the development of the carrying angle and its significance in the etiopathogenesis of various types of fractures seen around the elbow. The carrying angle develops in response to pronation of the forearm and is dependent on length of the forearm bones. Lesser the length of forearm bones greater is the carrying angle. So the carrying angle is more in shorter persons as compared to taller persons. It is abduction at the shoulder and not the carrying angle which keeps the swinging upper limbs away from the side of the pelvis during walking. Carrying angle is not a secondary sex character. The type of fracture a child sustains after fall on outstretched hand is also determined by the value of the carrying angle. A new type of fracture hitherto undescribed in the literature, T-Y fracture of the distal humeral epiphysis is also reported.


Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Articulação do Cotovelo/anatomia & histologia , Feminino , Humanos , Úmero/anatomia & histologia , Incidência , Índia/epidemiologia , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Valores de Referência , Caracteres Sexuais , Fatores Sexuais , Fraturas do Ombro/epidemiologia , Ulna/anatomia & histologia , Fraturas da Ulna/epidemiologia
11.
Indian J Med Sci ; 1995 Aug; 49(8): 181-3
Artigo em Inglês | IMSEAR | ID: sea-67399

RESUMO

31 patients of recurrent anterior dislocation of shoulder treated by anterior glenoplasty using allogenic decalbone had good results. It is proposed that generalised congenital or developmental disorder may be an important etiological factor in pathogenesis of recurrence of the dislocation.


Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Transplante Ósseo , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Instabilidade Articular/cirurgia , Masculino , Recidiva , Luxação do Ombro/cirurgia , Transplante Homólogo , Resultado do Tratamento
12.
Indian J Exp Biol ; 1994 Oct; 32(10): 690-3
Artigo em Inglês | IMSEAR | ID: sea-62669

RESUMO

Partially decalcified allogeneic bone matrix was cut into the sizes and shapes of cylinders, bone strips and pulverized bone powder. Large osteoperiosteal gaps were created in rabbit's ulnae. A total of 14 gaps were filled with bone strips, 20 with powder, six with cylinders and two were left unbridged to serve as control. The healing of gap was assessed at intervals with a maximum follow up of 24 weeks. Clinically at 12 weeks the bone strips could not be moved separately from each other, the whole tubular bone had also united whereas gaps filled with bone powder did not diminish in size. Radiologically union occurred earlier (around 12 weeks) in bone strips as compared to cylinders (approx-18 weeks). With bone powder only a faint line of the remnants was visible. Gross examination findings of the grafted area were in concurrence with the clinical and radiological findings. Overall the gaps filled with bone strips had 100 per cent success with early osteo induction and remodelling as compared to long cylinders whereas gaps filled with bone powder had complete failure.


Assuntos
Animais , Transplante Ósseo/métodos , Feminino , Masculino , Coelhos , Transplante Homólogo , Ulna/patologia
13.
Artigo em Inglês | IMSEAR | ID: sea-25904

RESUMO

A total of 155 consecutive patients of osteomyelitis were studied clinically, radiologically and bacteriologically. The follow up ranged from 2 1/2 to 4 1/2 yr (average 3.5 yr). Age varied from 8 months to 50 yr. Onset of the disease was acute in 106 and insidious in 49 patients. Of these 116 cases were treated conservatively which include 12 treated by incision and drainage. The rest underwent surgery (saucerization, curettage, sequestrectomy etc.). There was a trend for osteomyelitis to shift from the known incidence in early age to adulthood, acute to insidious onset and infection by Gram positive to Gram negative organisms.


Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Hospitais de Ensino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Osteomielite/complicações
14.
Indian Pediatr ; 1992 Sep; 29(9): 1133-7
Artigo em Inglês | IMSEAR | ID: sea-11224

RESUMO

One hundred and four cases of osteoarticular tuberculosis were studied. There were 74 boys (71.2%) and 30 girls (28.8%). The mean age at the onset of symptoms was 7.3 years, ranging from 9 months to 18 years. Seventy four cases (71%) reported 3 months after onset of symptoms. The spine was the commonest site involved (43%) followed by hip (14.9%) and knee joints (10.3%). Evidence of active or inactive pulmonary tuberculosis was found in 16.2%. All cases were treated by three drug regimen of rifampicin, isoniazid and ethambutol; rifampicin was discontinued after 6 months, ethambutol after 12-14 months. In 12 cases (11.5%) isoniazid was continued for 18 months. Along with chemotherapy suitable braces, splints, tractions, exercises and other form of physical therapy produced satisfactory results. Seventy eight patients (75%) showed clinical and radiological improvement with one year of treatment. The follow up period ranged between 4 months to 24 months with an average of 17 months. Children because of capacity to grow, showed progressive deformity in knee in 3 cases (2.8%), hip in 98 cases (8.6%), shortening of limbs in 14 cases (13.4%) and kyphosis in 13 cases (12.5%).


Assuntos
Adolescente , Antituberculosos/uso terapêutico , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Quimioterapia Combinada , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Tuberculose Osteoarticular/tratamento farmacológico , Tuberculose da Coluna Vertebral/tratamento farmacológico
15.
Indian J Exp Biol ; 1991 Feb; 29(2): 159-61
Artigo em Inglês | IMSEAR | ID: sea-62490

RESUMO

Present study was carried out in order to explore the ability of a bone graft-decalcified as well as fluoridated to form new bone when put in the rectus abdominis muscle of rabbit. A total of 66 implants placed inside the pouches created in rectus abdominis muscle of rabbits were followed for 2 to 20 weeks. Radiologically decal implants formed bone in 74% cases and fluoridated implants in 68%; whereas histologically 86% of decalcified and 80% of fluoride impregnated decal bone matrix showed evidence of bone induction. It is concluded that fluoride impregnation does not enhance the osteogenic potential of a decal bone matrix.


Assuntos
Abdome/cirurgia , Animais , Transplante Ósseo , Fluoretos/farmacologia , Osteogênese/efeitos dos fármacos , Coelhos , Transplante Heterotópico
16.
Indian J Exp Biol ; 1991 Jan; 29(1): 39-42
Artigo em Inglês | IMSEAR | ID: sea-61122

RESUMO

A large osteoperiosteal gap was created in rabbit's ulna. A total of 18 allogenic decalbone grafts in left ulnar gap and 20 autoclaved allogenic decalbone grafts on right ulnar gaps were implanted. Five gaps were left unbridged to serve as controls. The results were assessed by clinical, radiological, macroscopic, histological and tetracycline fluorescent studies. It is observed that whereas the decalbone can successfully bridge a large gap in a vast majority of cases; the standard autoclaving of decalbone denatures its proteins which melt and cover the outer surface. The union, incorporation and remodelling of autoclaved decalbone grafts are slower as compared to that with unautoclaved decalbone.


Assuntos
Animais , Transplante Ósseo , Técnica de Descalcificação , Feminino , Masculino , Osteogênese , Coelhos , Esterilização/métodos , Transplante Homólogo
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