Mycobacterium tuberculosis Drug-Resistance in Previously Treated Patients in Ouagadougou; Burkina Faso

Background: Tuberculosis drug-resistance becomes common in sub-Saharan Africa; however; very few data are available in Burkina Faso. The aim of this study is to assess the acquired resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex strains identified in TB patients to four first-line drugs in Ouagadougou. Methods: One hundred and ten (110) pulmonary tuberculosis patients with acid-fast bacilli-positive sputum and in situation of failure; relapse; or treatment abandonment were included in the study. Ninety six strains; including 92 (95.8) M. tuberculosis and 4 (4.2) M. africanum; were isolated from the sputum samples of these patients. Their drug susceptibility testing was performed using the proportion method. The first-line drugs tested were isoniazid (INH); streptomycin (STR); ethambutol (EMB); and rifampicin (RIF). Results: The overall drug-resistance rate of M. tuberculosis was 67.4(n=60); including 3.4to one drug; 18to two; 10.1to three; and 35.9to four drugs. The resistance to INH; RIF; EMB; and STR were 67.4; 51.7; 50.6; and 44.9; respectively. Two strains of M. africanum were resistant to all drugs. Forty-six (51.7) strains were multidrug-resistant (resistant to at least INH and RIF). Conclusions: In previously treated patients; the level of resistance of M. tuberculosis complex to commonly used anti-tuberculosis drugs is very high in Ouagadougou. Our results showed that multidrug-resistant tuberculosis could be a public health problem in Burkina Faso

Distribution spatiale des mollusques hotes intermediaires potentiels des schistosomes et de leurs biotopes au Burkina Faso

La repartition des hotes intermediaires des schistosomes de l'homme et du betail montre que chaque espece a sa propre niche ecologique avec quelques particularites liees a la complexite de chaque plan d'eau. Le Burkina Faso offre une large gamme de biotopes qui hebergent la plupart des hotes intermediaires presents en Afrique de l'Ouest

Hotes intermediaires et prevalence de la bilharziose au Burkina Faso

Parmi les nombreuses maladies d'origine hydrique; les bilharzioses ou schistosomiases representent actuellement la 2eme endemie mondiale derriere le paludisme avec 400 a 600 million de malades a travers le monde soit 1 homme sur 10. Au Burkina Faso; les taux de prevalence a l'echelle nationale ne sont jamais inferieures a 30 pour cent avec une decroissance progressive de l'infestation des populations du nord au sud du pays pour la bilharziose urinaire et du sud au nord pour la bilharziose intestinale. La repartition des hotes intermediaires resultant des prospections malacologiques semble correspondre aux zones ecologiques deja decrites au Burkina Faso par Guinko (1984); ainsi l'endemie bilharzienne qui en resulte se trouve en correlation avec les hotes intermediaires et le decoupage climatique du pays