Splenic Injury after Colonoscopy in Patient on Anti-Platelet Agents : A Case Study / 계명의대학술지

Colonoscopy is frequently used for lower GI tract screening tests. Although rare, splenic injury may develop in the high-risk patients on anticoagulants or antiplatelet agents. A 78-year-old female visited our hospital complaining of chest pain. She had taken antihyperlipidemic and antiplatelet agent with hyperlipidemia and 20%-stenosis in the left anterior descending artery. She was taken polypectomy after colonoscopy 4 years ago. The next day, after a follow-up colonoscopy for polypectomy, she complained epigastric and left upper abdominal discomfort. Pain intensity was not high, but next day, epigastric pain was increased, so coronary angiography was performed 2 days later using anticoagulants. Coronary angiography showed 40~50%-stenosis in the left anterior descending artery. Another antiplatelet agent was added. After 72 hours on colonoscopy, her pain was localized upper left abdominal area. Abdominal CT showed intracapsular bleeding in the spleen with a small amount of hemoperitoneum in the pelvis. Since her vital signs were stable, she was treated with conservative management. Her pain improved and discharged. One month later, she was taken Abdominal CT. CT showed the size of intracapsular fluid collection in the spleen was increased, but the whole fluid collection was liquidized. 2 weeks later, follow-up sonography showed the size of fluid collection conspicuously was reduced. The case reported herein is a splenic Injury after Colonoscopy in patient on antiplatelet agents.

One-Stage Posterior Debridement, Interbody Fusion and Instrumentation in the Treatment of Pyogenic Lumbar Spondylodiscitis

STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective study on the outcomes of surgical treatment for pyogenic lumbar spondylodiscitis. OBJECTIVES: To report the clinical outcomes of the surgical treatment of pyogenic lumbar spondylodiscitis using a one stage posterior approach. SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW: There are few reports on the treatment of pyogenic lumbar spondylodiscitis through a one stage posterior approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between June 1999 and June 2005, this study examined the history of 12 patients with pyogenic lumbar spondylodiscitis treated by simultaneous posterior debridement, autogenous iliac bone graft and pedicle screw fixation. The clinical outcomes were evaluated in terms of the pain level, neurological status, hematological parameters and radiology findings. RESULTS: The clinical symptoms improved in all cases after surgery. There was no case of the infection recurring. The mean time for postoperative antibiotics and hospitalization was 6 weeks and 41.6 days, respectively. Radiological bony fusion was observed at 5.5 months on average. The mean preoperative, immediate postoperative and final follow-up sagittal angles were 4.6, 8.6 and 6.9degrees. CONCLUSION: One stage posterior interbody fusion and instrumentation for the treatment of pyogenic lumbar spondylodiscitis can provide radical debridement, bone graft and immediate stability without prohibiting the control of infection. Therefore, it can be used in selected cases.

Meniscal Ossicle in the Knee: 2 Case Reports

A meniscal ossicle is an ossified structure embedded in the meniscus of the knee, and it very rarely occurs in human. We present here two cases of meniscal ossicle. The two patients were men in their thirties. They had intrameniscal ossicles from the torn posterior horn of the medial meniscus without having any history of trauma. Both cases were treated by arthroscopic excision.

Postanal Retrieval and Anastomosis in Laparoscopic Rectal Surgery: Report of 3 Cases

Laparoscopic surgery is popular and widely accepted method for colorectal cancer today. Especially in rectal cancer, laparoscopic TME made surgery safe and feasible with good outcome. But there are still some limits and difficulties in resection and anastomosis of low rectal cancer. We combined laparoscopic TME and posterior approach. Surgery was performed in three low rectal cancer patients. They were prepared in supine position and laparoscopic TME to pelvic floor muscles was performed. After changing the patient to Jack-knife position, post-anal median incision (between the external sphincter and coccyx) and distal rectal resection was done. Through this surgical window, proximal stump was retrieved and resected with the safety margin, and anastomosis with leak test was performed. After a drain keeping, patient's position was changed back to supine again and laparoscopic irrigation and inspection of operation field was done finally. In the course of recovery, two patients were uneventful, but the rest with FAP experienced postoperative anastomotic leakage and got perineal resection and permanent ileostomy. According to our experience, posterior approach after laparoscopic TME permit right angle resection of distal rectum which is difficult in laparoscopic transabdominal approach. In addition, manual anastomosis with various instruments, Lembert suture, easy drain keeping, accurate fibrin glue apply can also be achieved. No incision on abdomen adds cosmetic advantage. But frequent position changes, need of patience-demanding intracorporeal mesenteric dissection to anastomotic site, and wound discomfort during sitting position right after the operation remain as challenges to consider and solve.

Analysis of the Relationship between Bilaterality and Other Clinicopathological Factors in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma / 대한내분비외과학회지

PURPOSE: The extent of the initial surgical treatment for patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is controversial. Many surgeons think thattotal thyroidectomy is the most optimal treatment for PTC because of its potential bilaterality. Therefore, bilaterality is an important factor for determining the extent of surgical resection. The aim of this retrospective study is to analyze the relationship between tumor bilaterality and the other clinicopathological factors. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 140 patients with PTC and who underwent total thyroidectomy with central lymph node dissection from January to December 2007 at our institution. RESULTS: Among 140 patients, 50 patients (35.7%) had PTC in the bilateral lobes. Of these 50 patients, only 17 patients (34.0%) were operated on under the preoperative diagnosis of bilateral PTC. Two factors, 1) presence of the capsular invasion (P=0.007) and 2) an increase of the tumor size (P=0.023), were statistically correlated with bilaterality. There were no significant associations between bilaterality and the other clinicopathological factors,including age, extrathyroidal invasion and lymph node metastasis. CONCLUSION: For the surgical care of PTC, bilaterality must always be considered even though the tumor is diagnosed preoperatively as unilateral PTC. Furthermore, thorough preoperative evaluation is mandatory if unilateral lobectomy is regarded as a therapeutic option for PTC patients.