Trauma in Primary Teeth at a Specialized Service Center: Retrospective Cohort

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the factors associated with the occurrence of dental trauma in children up to six years of age and describe the results of clinical follow-up and possible sequelae. Material and Methods: A retrospective study was carried out with data collected from the dental records of 96 pediatric patients up to 6 years old with traumatized primary teeth who sought care from the. Pediatric Dental Trauma project of a private university in the city of Rio de Janeiro from July 2014 to July 2017, and who had clinical and radiographic follow-up for up to three months as of their initial visit. Results: 96 children (58.3% boys and 41.7% girls) included who presented 166 traumatized primary teeth. Intrusion was the most observed type of trauma and in 45.8% of cases, the care occurred one-week post trauma. The maxillary central incisors were the most affected teeth (97.6%). The prognosis of the dental elements with more than 3 months of follow-up was considered favorable, and 59.6% of the teeth did not present any clinical or radiological sequelae. Oral hygiene instruction and monitoring were the most common approaches. Conclusion: The prevalence of dental trauma in the present study was high and occurred mainly in domestic settings. The upper central incisors were the teeth that suffered the most injuries. The presence of patients at follow-up visits was an important factor for the positive result in most cases.

MORDIDA CRUZADA ANTERIOR: POSSIBILIDADES DE TRATAMENTO NA DENTIÇÃO DECÍDUA E MISTA / ANTERIOR CROSSBITE: TREATMENT POSSIBILITIES IN DECIDUOUS AND MIXED DENTITION

A mordida cruzada anterior (MCA) refere-se a uma maloclusão cuja relação vestíbulo-lingual entre incisivos superiores e inferiores é anormal, com sobressaliência negativa. Esta alteração pode promover comprometimento da estética dento-facial e das funções do sistema estomatognático. A MCA pode ser classificada em 3 tipos: Dentária (MCAD), Funcional (MCAF) e esquelética (MCAE). O objetivo deste trabalho foi, por meio de uma revisão de literatura, apresentar as diferentes possibilidades de tratamento da MCA nas dentições decídua e mista. O tratamento da MCAD tem como objetivo a correção das inclinações anormais dos elementos envolvidos. O tratamento da MCAF pode ser realizado por movimentação dentária pelas pistas diretas preconizadas por Planas. A abordagem da MCAE tem como objetivo a correção esquelética e dependerá do grau de displasia óssea e da idade de início do tratamento. Concluiu- se que a MCA deve ser tratada tão logo seja diagnosticada, por meio das diferentes formas de tratamento apresentadas, de acordo com a etiologia e apresentação clínica. Todos os tratamentos propostos apresentam altos índices de sucesso se corretamente planejados e executados.

Anterior crossbite (MCA) refers to a malocclusion whose vestibular- lingual relationship between upper and lower incisors is abnormal, with a negative overjet. This alteration may promote impairment of dento-facial aesthetics and functions of the stomatognathic system. The MCA can be classified into 3 types: Dental (MCAD), Functional (MCAF) and skeletal (MCAE). The objective of this literature review was to present the different possibilities of MCA treatment in the deciduous and mixed dentitions. The treatment of MCAD aims at correcting the abnormal inclinations of the involved elements. The treatment of MCAF can be performed with composite as an inclined plane tracks recommended by Planas. The MCAE approach aims at skeletal correction and depends on the degree of bone dysplasia and the age at which treatment begins. According this study, we can conclude that the MCA should be treated as soon as diagnosed, by the different forms of treatment presented, according to etiology and clinical presentation. All the proposed treatments may have high success rates if correctly planned and executed.

Characterization of Mechanical Properties, Fluoride Release and Colour Stability of Dental Sealants

Objective: To compare the mechanical properties, fluoride release, colour stability and spreading characteristics of glass ionomer cement (GIC), compomer (CO), chemical (CR) and light-cured resin based (LR) fissure sealants. Material and Methods: Cylinders were prepared to determine mechanical properties by diametral tensile strength tests (stored for 24h in distilled water at 37°C) and fluoride release (24 hours, 3, 7 and 15 days; deionised water). Disk shaped specimens were prepared to determine colour stability (1 week in pigmenting solution; 37°C; CIE L*a*b*; ΔE). A simplified method of a spreading test was proposed to predict viscosity characteristics of the tested materials. Data were analysed using one-way ANOVA followed by T-test (p<0.05). Results: Results showed differences between materials regarding all tested properties. CO was statistically more resistant than the other materials (p<0.05), but no difference was observed between CR and LR. The fluoride release of GICs was significantly higher than the other materials (p<0.05). CO showed lower ΔE than the other materials in the following order: CO