RESUMO
In this study, the existing challenge about the association of construal level and temporal distance was examined. Doing so, the effect of two types of educational intervention on progress of decision making stages in students with premenstrual syndrome [PMS] was studied, based on theoretical concepts of construal level. The present study is a randomized field trial research conducted on 1578 high school students. A total of 255 students in the second stage of the precaution adoption process model were chosen randomly. They then went through educational intervention based on either low or high construal levels of relaxation method. Subjects in the intervention group showed a higher decision-making stage progression than in control group [p<0.001]. The two-stage progression was significantly salient in low construal level-based intervention group [p=0.012]. None of the demographic, premenstrual, and premenstrual syndrome severity characteristics were related to this progression. Inducing low construal level causes an individual shift toward desired action more rapidly. That is, there is a correlation between construal level and temporal distance. To accelerate the adoption of any health behavior, temporal distance can be taken as a basic and essential topic
RESUMO
Dietary behavior modification has an important effect on chronic disease occurrence. This study aimed to examine the effects of an education program on nutritional knowledge, attitude, and behavior among female students studying in Bojnord, Iran. This was a clinical trial that was conducted in 2009. Of all secondary schools, 2 classes were randomly selected from which 115 students were recruited and randomly divided into intervention group [n = 55] or control group [n = 60]. The intervention program was administered to the intervention group, whereas the other group just received routine education. Data were collected at baseline, and after 45 days and 360 days of follow up via a self-administered questionnaire regarding knowledge, attitude, and practice variables. Repeated measure ANOVA was used to analyze data. As the results showed, there were significant differences within each group over time in terms of knowledge, attitude, and behavior [P < 0.001]. Furthermore, the two groups, regardless of time, were different in all studied variables [P < 0.001] and also the interaction between time and group were significantly different regarding the three studied scales [P < 0.001]. This study indicated that the designed educational program could improve the knowledge, attitude, and nutrition behavior of female students of Birdjand up to 12 months. Therefore, this program could be conducted in primary schools of Bojnord city to improve nutrition behavior of the students