The effect of lymph-vascular space invasion on clinicopathologic features in patients with endometrial cance / 대한산부인과학회지

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of lymph-vascular space invasion (LVSI) on clinicopathologic features and outcomes in patients with endometrial cancer. METHODS: All women who were surgically treated for endometrial cancer at the Cheil General Hospital & Women's Healthcare Center between January 2000 and December 2003 were eligible. One hundred-forty one patients underwent retrospective review of medical record. Pathologic findings of LVSI were reviewed and divided in LVSI-positive group and LVSI-negative. Statistical analysis was performed by dBSTAT-4. RESULTS: Fifty-five patients (39%) were LVSI-positive and eighty-six patients (61%) were LVSI-negative. LVSI-positive patients were statistically older than LVSI-negative. LVSI-positive patients had more abnormal cytology, poorer differentiation, larger tumor size (diameter>2 cm), more myometrial invasion. more pelvic nodal metastasis, more paraaortic nodal metastasis, and more advanced stage. There was no difference between the two groups in the percentage of patients with gravidity, parity, histologic types (endometrioid vs nonendometrioid). CONCLUSION: LVSI-positive patients with endometrial cancer are generally older, consistent with more abnormal cytology, poorer differentiation, larger tumor size, more myometrial invasion, more lymph-node metastasis, and more advanced-stage disease. So, LVSI should be a consideration in appropriate treatment in endometrial cancer.

The clinicopathologic significance of glandular cell abnormality on preoperative abnormal PAP smears in endometrial carcinoma / 부인종양

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between the results of preoperative PAP smears and known poor prognostic factors in patients with endometrial carcinoma. METHODS: Between Jan. 2000 and Dec. 2003, preoperative evaluation of PAP smears were done in 111 patients with endometrial carcinoma who underwent surgical staging. Pathologic parameters of permanent specimens were evaluated and correlated with the results of PAP smears. chi-square-test was used for statistical analysis and p-values <0.05 was considered as statistically significant result. RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 49 years with range between 24 and 75 years old. The results of preoperative PAP smears were normal in 70 patients (57.7%), atypical glandular cells of undetermined significance (AGUS) in 22 patients (22.5%), adenocarcnoma in 19 patients (19.8%) on preoperative PAP smears. Statistically significant associations were found between preoperative PAP smears and poor histologic grade (p=0.000), depth of myometrial invasion (p=0.000), lymph-vascular space invasion (p=0.003), cervical involvement (p=0.004), adnexal involvement (p=0.024), positive peritoneal cytology (p=0.042). However, old age, poor histologic type, higher surgical staging, pelvic nodes metastasis and para-aortic lymph node metastases were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: This study revealed glandular cell abnormalities on preoperative PAP smears in patients with endometrial carcinoma were significantly associated with poor histologic grade, deep myometrial invasion, lympho-vascular invasion, cervical involvement, adnexal involvement, positive peritoneal cytology. Therefore, the results of preoperative PAP smears could be considered as an important part of the preoperative evaluation in patients with endometrial carcinoma.

Clinicopathologic characteristics of malignant germ cell tumors of ovary / 대한산부인과학회지

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathologic characteristics of malignant germ cell tumors of ovary. METHODS: Thirty five patients who were dignosed as malignant germ cell tumors of ovary and treated in Cheil General Hospital from January 1995 to December 2003, were retrospectively analyzed. The age, chief complaints, histologic type, tumor marker, FIGO stage, maximal tumor diameter, management, survival and future pregnancy outcome were reviewed. RESULTS: The mean age was 23.4 years (8-34) and 2 patients were premenarche. The mean follow-up period was 59.6 months (16-118). Palpable lower abdominal mass and pain were the most frequent symptoms. Preoperative CA125 were checked in 32 patients and elevated in 23 patients . The tumors were ranging from 7cm to 27cm in diameter (mean : 16.6). The site of tumors was right-sided in 17(48.6%), left-sided in 15(42.9%), and bilateral in 3(8.6%) which were dysgerminomas only. Post-surgical FIGO stage was stage I in 28 cases (80.0%), stage II in 4 cases (11.4%), and stage III in 3 cases (8.6%). Histologically, immature teratomas were found most frequently (n=14, 40.0%), followed by dysgerminoma (n=10, 28.6%), endodermal sinus tumor (n=9, 25.7%), and mixed form (n=2, 5.7%). Unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was performed in 9, cystectomy in 4, and staging operation in 22, which included 16 patients of fertility sparing operation. Postoperative chemotherapy was administered in 30 and most were BEP except one TIP. Two patients had recurred, who were stage Ic and IIIb EST at diagnosis and expired at 59 and 16 months after first operation. Recurrence rate was 5.7% and 5-year survival rate was 94.7%. During follow-up period, 8 patients were pregnant and the results were 4 normal deliveries at term, 1 missed abortion, 1 therapeutic abortion due to acne medication, 1 H-mole and 1 current pregnant state at 20 weeks without problem. CONCLUSION: These results shows that most malignant germ cell tumors of ovary is detected in early stage and have relatively excellent survival with conservative operation and combination chemotherapy.

Clinico-pathologic features in endometrial carcinoma by the histologic type / 부인종양

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to correlate histologic type with the clinico-pathologic features of endometrial carcinoma. METHODS: A retrospective review was performed of 158 patients with endometrial cancer who had treated surgically at Cheil General Hospital between Jan. 2000 and Dec. 2003. Histologic findings after operation were divided two groups (endometrioid group vs. non-endometrioid group) then compared to each other groups. Clinico-pathologic factors were reviewed, compared and statistically analyzed. RESULTS: Endometrioid group was 112 cases (70.9%) and non-endometrioid group was 46 cases (29.1%). Non-endometrioid group was mucinous; 5 (3.2%), UPSC; 6 (3.8%), clear Cell; 2 (1.3%), mixed; 32 (20.3%), adenosquamous; 1 (0.6%). Non-endometrioid group showed older (p=0.0003) and higher proportion of menopausal women (p=0.0017) than Group 1. But menopause mean age were not diffent between two group. Abnormality in Pap smear and thickness of endometrium (TVS) were not diffent between two group. Non-endometrioid group were significantly associated with higher grade (p=0.0000), deeper myometrial invasion (p=0.0030), larger tumor size (p=0.0006), Lympho-vascular invasion (p=0.0486) and higher recurrence rate (p=0.0369) CONCLUSION: This study revealed non-endometrioid group was significantly associated with older age, menopause status, advanced pathologic features at surgical staging, and high recurrence rate.

Study of Factors that Influence Sentinel Lymph Node Identification and Detection Rate in Cervical Cancer of Uterus / 대한산부인과학회지

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this prospective study was to determine the feasibility of sentinel lymph node (SN) identification and to evaluate the factors that influence the sentinel node detection rate in patients with cervical cancer of the uterus. METHODS: Forty three patients underwent intracervical injection of 1% isosulfan blue dye at the time of planned radical hysterectomy and lymphadenectomy between January 2003 and July 2003. With visual detection of blue nodes, SNs were identified and separately removed. And then all patients underwent complete pelvic lymph nodes dissection and/or para-aortic lymph nodes dissection. If frozen sections of the lymph nodes were negative, radical hysterectomy was performed. Tumor characteristics, surgical findings, specific locations of SN and final pathologic results were recorded and correlated with final pathologic results. RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 49.3 years (30-78). SNs were identified in 23 of 43 (53%) patients. About 48.7% of SNs were found in the external iliac region, 31.7% in the obturator region, 17.0% in the internal iliac region and 2.4% in the common iliac region. Metastatic nodes were detected in 11 of 43 (26%) patients. Among 23 patients whose SNs were detected, 5 patients had metastatic nodes while among 20 patients whose SNs were not detected, 8 patients had metastatic nodes. No false negative SN results were obtained. Successful SN detection was more likely performed in patients with preoperative conization (P=0.0156). However, age, stage, histologic type, operation type, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy did not show any significant differences in SN detection rate. CONCLUSION: The identification of the SN with isosulfan blue dye is feasible and safe. SN detection rate was high in patients with preoperative conization. But low detection rate should be further investigated.

Carcinoma in situ of the uterine cervix in pregnancy / 부인종양

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine whether carcinoma in situ (CIS) of the uterine cervix in pregnancy alters in the postpartum period and to evaluate the factors associated with this alteration. METHODS: In this retrospective study, we found 30 pregnant women with CIS of the uterine cervix between 1999 and 2003. All women had the diagnosis of CIS made on cervical biopsy performed during pregnancy at Samsung Cheil Hospital. All pathologic reports of initial cytology and biopsy were reviewed and compared to the same evaluations postpartum. Postpartum alteration of CIS was analyzed with respect to the mode of delivery, gravidity and parity. RESULTS: The incidence of CIS in pregnancy was 0.6 per 1000 pregnancies (30/44,807) in this study. The mean age was 31.2 years (20-40), the mean gravidity was 2.7 (1-6) and the mean parity was 0.3 (0-2). The prenatal cytology that initiated the referral to our colposcopy center was commonly discordant with the histologic diagnosis of CIS. Five (16.7%) had cytology of ASCUS, 3 (10.0%) had LSIL, and 22 (73.3%) had HSIL. The overall postpartum persistence and regression rates of CIS were 73.3% and 26.7% respectively. No lesion progressed to invasive carcinoma. There was no statistically difference in regression or persistence rates according to the delivery mode, gravidity and parity. CONCLUSION: According to the result of this study, postpartum persistence rate of CIS was high but progression rate was low. The mode of delivery, gravidity and parity did not influence the regression or persistence rates of CIS in pregnancy.

The influence fo gelatin in the stability of an inactivated HFRS vaccine

No abstract available.

Analysis of normal gait with a 3-dimensional motion analyzer

No abstract available.

The effects of Prostaglandin E2 and Indomethacin on quantitative change in collagen and chondroitin sulfate in the alveolar bone of rats / 대한치과교정학회지

The alveolar bone remodeling is essential in tooth movement by orthodontic forces. The collagen and chondroitin sulfate are acting as an important roles in bone remodeling. This study was performed to measure out the quantity of the collagen and chondroitin sulfate in the alveolar bone of rats applied by experimental orthodontic forces. The 150 Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into the PGE2 treated group, indomethacin treated group and the normal group. A 80gm force rubber band was used as a orthodontic appliance between upper incisors and right upper 1st molar, and left side of experimental rats with no appliance was regarded as a control side. The samples of alveolar bones were obtained from pressure and tension sites in all three groups. respectively, and in control sides, too. The results were as follows. 1. The change in total collagen remains stable in both pressure and tension sites of all three groups, compared with control side by the time consuming. 2. The change in soluble collagen showed the most highest level in tension site, lowest level in pressure site of PGE2 treated group in 5th. experimental day. 3. The change in chondroitin sulfate showed the most highest level in pressure site, lowest level in tension site of PGE2 treated group in 5th. experimental day. 4. In indomethacin treated group, the change of soluble collagen and chondroitin sulfate showed small range of variance compared with PGE2 treated and normal group.

A comparative study on craniofacial skeleton between Angle's Class III malocclusion and normal occlusion / 대한치과교정학회지

This is to investigate the difference between craniofacial correlation of Angle's clsss III malocclusion and that of normal occlusion. For this investigation, 28 adult males and famales, who have class III malocclusion, and 35 adult males and 46 adult females, who have normal occlusion were selected to measure actual dimension of cranial base and to investigate ratio of various parts of maxillofacial skeleton against cranial base Class III malocclusion were, also, classified based on SNA and SNB angle In normal range. Results were as follows. 1. In class III malocclusion, actual dimension of cranial base were appeared to be less than normal occlusion in both sex. 2. In class III malocclusion, values were less than normal occlusion In BN/ptm-A in both sex, but had no significance between two. 3. In class III malocclusion, ramal inclination, mandible inclination, BN/Go-Pog, lower gonial angle were appeared to be greater Thus, characteristic mandibular protrusive appearance of class III malocclusion was due to relative ratio and morphologic characteristic of mandibular body dimension against cranial base. 4. In class III malocclusion, upper incisors were labially tilted and lower incisors were lingually tilted compared to normal occlusion. 5. In typing of class III malocclusion, the most common type was found to be one which maxillas were in normal range, while rnandibles were in protrusive tendency.