RESUMO
Background: Clinical trials and meta-analyses have reported about 20% failure rates in first-line Helicobacter pylori [H. pylori] eradication. This reflects the need for effective second-line eradication regimens
Materials and Methods: 61 patients with H. pylori infection who had failed previous non-bismuth clarithromycin-containing first line therapies entered the study. They were given a 14-day levofloxacin-containing triple regimen consisted of pantoprazole 40 mg, amoxicillin 1gr, and levofloxacin 500mg, each given twice daily. Eight weeks after the treatment, H. pylori eradication was assessed by 14C-urea breath test
Results: All patients completed the study. The eradication rate was 91.8% [95% confidence interval = 84.9% - 98.6%] by both intention to treat and per-protocol analyses. Side effects of therapy were reported by eight patients [13.1%], but they were severe in only two patients [3.2%]
Conclusion: According to the high H. pylori eradication rate and the very low rate of severe adverse effects, levofloxacin-containing triple therapy seems to be a suitable second-line option in case of previous failure by clarithromycin-containing therapies. We suggest further studies with shorter duration of treatment or lower dose of levofloxacin