RESUMO
Enteritis due to Campylobacter is the most common cause of acute bacterial diarrhea worldwide. In most cases, infection occurs as a result of consuming contaminated water or food, especially raw meat of fowls. Campylobacters are saccharolytic and fastidious bacteria. These traits limit the number of available biochemical tests by which isolates may be differentiated. These limitations might, in principle, be overcome by the use of PCR techniques, which is the aim of the present study. To compare the culture technique with PCR assay, a total of 116 fecal samples from fowls were tested using these two techniques for the presence of Campylobacters. Campylobacter strains were isolated from 11 [9.4%] out of 116 fecal cultures from fowls [8 C. jejuni and 3 C. coli]. Using PCR assays, the number of positive Campylobacters increased to 27 [23%]. Of these 27 positive samples, 18 were C. jejuni and 9 were C. coli. The sensitivity and specificity of PCR in comparison to the culture method were found to be 100 and 84.7%, respectively. According to the present study, it is proposed that the PCR is a reliable and sensitive method which can be used as a diagnostic technique for the detection of Campylobacter in fowls' samples