commemorating one thousandth anniversary of the avicenna's canon of medicine: gastric headache, a forgotten clinical entity from the medieval Persia

Although the connection between head and stomach and hence the condition known as [gastric headache] was well known to the ancients, it has received little attention since the early 20[th] century. Herein, we review the teachings of the medieval Persian physicians about the gastric headache along with the related signs, symptoms, types and causes. The medieval Persian scholars adopted the main ideas of the gastric headache from predecessors in the ancient Greece and Rome, added substantial sub-categories and details to the earlier descriptions and therapeutic options. The medieval Persian physicians' contributions to the concept of gastric headache influenced beyond doubt the later accounts of this condition