Surgical management of colonic volvulus during same hospital admission

To study the local patient profile, diagnostic methods, and treatment outcome in patients with large bowel volvulus to recommend a management plan. A retrospective study of patients record with a final diagnosis of large bowel volvulus treated at King Saud Medical Complex, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia between January 2000 and December 2007 were performed for patient demography, clinical presentations, co-morbidity, diagnostic methods, anatomical types, management, and outcome. Forty-two patients with large bowel volvulus were reviewed. They represented 8.5% of all intestinal obstructions treated. Most had sigmoid volvulus [83%], were less than 60 years of age, and were male. Recognized risk factors were present in 12 [29%] patients. Diagnosis was suspected on plain abdominal x-ray in 28 patients [69%], although the characteristic signs of omega and coffee bean were seen in only 16 patients. Eight patients required emergency surgery. Endoscopic decompression was successful in 34 patients, followed by a definitive surgery in 24 patients. Seven patients refused surgery; 3 of them were readmitted with recurrence and were operated. Three patients were unfit for surgery. There were 3 deaths. Large bowel volvulus is uncommon in this area. Abdominal distension with pain, constipation, and characteristic gas pattern in plain x-ray can help diagnose most cases. Decompression can be achieved in most patients with sigmoid volvulus, followed by surgery during the same hospital admission. Transverse colon and cecal volvulus usually need emergency surgery

Primary actinomycosis of the abdominal wall

Primary actinomycosis of the abdominal wall is a rare clinical entity. Only 7 adequately described cases have been reported in the English literature. We report a case of isolated abdominal wall actinomycosis involving the left lower quadrant of the abdominal wall in a 32-year-old diabetic male. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological examination. Surgical drainage of the abscess followed by long-term administration of penicillin resulted in cure. The clinicopathological spectrum of actinomycosis is reviewed and isolated involvement of the abdominal wall is characterized in light of the knowledge acquired from the available literature on this rare clinical presentation. The significance of obtaining tissues for culture and histopathology in all inflammatory lesions is emphasized

Necrotizing fasciitis. Role of early surgical intervention

To evaluate our experience of management of necrotizing fasciitis [NF] particularly the role of early and aggressive surgical intervention. This is a retrospective review of the cases affected by this disease and managed at Riyadh Medical Complex, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, during 5 calendar years from 1996 through to 2000 [1416-1420 A.H]. The preoperative and operative data was collected, and postoperative morbidity and mortality were analyzed. A total of 25 cases of NF were treated during the 5-year period, 18 were males and 7 female. The majority of patients had perianal suppuration as the primary lesion, followed by groin area in drug addicts and only 2 cases were primarily in the upper limbs. Diabetes and drug addiction were the main predisposing factors. All but 3 infections were polymicrobial, with streptococci and acinobacter being the most frequent organisms. The mainstay of treatment depends on a high index of suspicion, aggressive early and repeated debridements and adequate antibiotic coverage. The overall mortality was 24% but the drastic reduction in mortality was observed with early surgical intervention. The results highlight the role of early diagnosis; prompt and aggressive surgical debridements are critical for improved survival

Bleeding duodenal varices: a case report and review of literature

A rare case of a patient with bleeding duodenal varices diagnosed by endoscopy in which bleeding was controlled initially by sclerotherapy is reported. Diagnosis was confirmed by coeliac and superior mesenteric angiogram with selective injections of hepatic and gastroduodenal arteries. Recurrence of haemorrhage was treated successfully by suture ligation of duodenal varices alone, and a shunting procedure was not required. Duodenal varices should not be overlooked as a cause of gastrointestinal bleeding in patient with cirrhosis