RESUMO
Objective: To investigate the effects of anabolic androgenic steroid on histomorphology of the proximal and distal renal tubules in mice kidney and amelioration of these effects with Punica granatum [Pomegranate]. Study Design: It was laboratory based randomized control trial. Place and Duration of Study: Anatomy Department, Army Medical College Rawalpindi, in collaboration with National Institute of Health [NIH], Islamabad, from Apr to May 2015
Material and Method: Forty healthy male and female BALB/c mice weighing 25-30gms were equally divided into four groups. Group A served as a control group and groups B, C and D served as experimental groups. Mice in these three experimental groups were injected Nandrolone decanoate [ND] at the dose of 1 mg/100 gm body weight, as single intramuscular injection in the hind limb once a week for 8 weeks. Mice in experimental group C was also given pomegranate juice [PJ] at the dose of 3ml/kg body weight by oral gavage tube for 8 weeks daily and mice in experimental group D was given pomegranate peel extract [PPE] at the dose of 200mg/kg body weight by oral gavage tube for 8 weeks daily. The results of experimental groups B, C and D were compared with control group A and with each other
Results: In experimental group B, proximal and distal tubular and luminal diameters were significantly increased when compared with control group A, and these parameters were improved statistically when compared with pomegranate juice and pomegranate peel extract administered experimental groups C and D, respectively
Conclusion: Punica granatum in both forms, as Pomegranate juice and Pomegranate peel extract, has nearly equal ameliorative effects on steroid induced renal tubular damage
RESUMO
Objective: To determine the effects of caffeine ingestion on the development of femur and role of vitamin D[3] in preventing these effects in BALB/c mice
Study Design: Experimental study
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Anatomy, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi, in cooperation with NIH [National Institute of Health], Islamabad, from October 2014 to October 2015
Methodology: Thirty [100%] BALB/c mice, 50% male and female each, three weeks old, weighing 12-14 grams were taken and divided equally and randomly into three groups, each having 10 [33.3%] mice; 5 [16.6%] male and female. G[1] [control group] was given normal diet with water ad libitum. G[2] and G[3] [experimental groups] were given 10 mg of caffeine per 100g body weight, three days a week, through oral gavage for 60 days on alternate days. However, experimental group G[3] was additionally provided 0.1micro g vitamin D[3] daily, through oral gavage for 60 days. Experimental groups were compared with control group and data was analyzed statistically
Results: The mean weight of mice femur of G[1] [control group] was 0.387 +/-0.019 g; while mean weights of right femur of G[2] and G[3] [experimental groups] were 0.316 +/-0.020 g and 0.345 +/-0.020 g, respectively. Similarly, mean right femur length of group G[1] was 20.70 +/-0.609 mm; while for groups G[2] and G[3], it was 24.382 +/-1.087 mm and 22.966 +/-0.822 mm, respectively. In comparison with group G[1] for groups G[2] and G[3], femur weight decreased, however femur length increased
Conclusion: Caffeine intake caused femur length to increase and weight to decrease, but treatment with vitamin D[3] ameliorated these effects of caffeine