Comparative study of visual outcome of newly designed scleral tuck lens and suture-fixated lens for rehabilitation of aphakia in various aetiologies

Purpose: Visual rehabilitation in aphakia can be performed using several modalities. However, these modalities could be either technically difficult or expensive. Herein, we developed a scleral tuck lens to provide a simple and cost?effective solution for aphakia and compared its outcome with standard methods. Methods: A specially designed posterior chamber self?sustaining lens was implanted in patients with aphakia without capsular support because of different primary etiologies. The visual outcomes, as well as intraoperative and postoperative complications, were examined. The data were retrieved from electronic medical records, and visual outcome and complication rates were compared. The outcomes were also compared according to the etiology and age groups (pediatric and adults). Results: We found significant improvement in preoperative and postoperative visual outcome. We did not find any significant difference in visual outcome amongst suture?supported scleral fixated lens with scleral tuck lens. Conclusion: Satisfactory visual outcomes were noted with minimal complications; and comparable with gold standard suture fixated lens, however long?term follow?up is required

Knowledge, Awareness And Perception Of Fluorosis Among Families Residing In Fluorotic Endemic Areas In North Gujarat After Receiving Dharoi Water Supply As Mitigation Measure To Curb Fluorosis.

Introduction:Endemic fluorosis remains a challenging and extensively studied national health problem in India. It not only affects the body of a person but also renders them socially, economically and culturally crippled.Objectives:The purpose of this study was to assess the awareness, knowledge and perception regarding water quality, socioeconomic and clinical aspect of Dental and skeletal fluorosis among families residing in endemic areas for Fluorosis in North Gujarat after receiving Dharoi water supply as mitigation measure to curb fluorosis. Methods:Apopulation based survey was done in hundred families of the ten villages of North Gujarat which were selected through Random Sampling techniqueResults:Around 100 families including 473 members were surveyed. Only 8 families have awareness about Fluorosis and 53% of families strongly agree that the water causes ugly teeth and joint pain. Nearly 89% and about 80% of families had agreed that skeletal Fluorosis severely reduced the capacity for work and earning income and Dental Fluorosis reduces self-confidence, especially in girls respectively. Around 70% of families responded that, there is no relief in joint and back pain at all after using Dharoi water supply. Conclusion:It can be concluded that Fluorosis is a major Public Health problem in these ten villages of North Gujarat affecting people physically, socially and economically, even after the introduction of Dharoi water supply. It can be attributed to irregular and insufficient utilization of Dharoi water supply along with various myths and ostentations attached to usage of this water.

Study of knowledge, attitude, and practices towards current updates of pharmacovigilance and adverse drug reaction reporting among doctors in a tertiary care teaching hospital of Western India

Background: In general, adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are global problems causing both morbidity and mortality. Spontaneous ADR reporting is important to monitor adverse effects of medicines but under reporting is still very prevalent so, there is a need of constant monitoring and rectification of system of Pharmacovigilance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of the healthcare professionals about Pharmacovigilance and to identify the reason for under reporting of ADRs.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out using a pretested questionnaire among doctors with minimum qualification MBBS or B.D.S. including faculties, senior and junior residents. Subsequently, analysis of association between education and experience was done by chi square test at P-value <0.05.Results: A pretested questionnaire was distributed among 403 doctors and 240 (59.16%) responded voluntarily. In general, 131 (54.58%) participants noted lack of time to report ADR while 90 (37.50%) participants noted no benefit of reporting already known ADR. On the other hand, total 104 (43.33%) participants were aware about need to report a serious adverse event during “Clinical Trial” within 24 hours to the Ethics Committee. Only 87 (36.25%) participants noted a need of reporting of already known ADR.Conclusions: Participants had good knowledge and attitude towards pharmacovigilance, but the actual practice of ADR reporting is still deficient among them that can be improved by sensitization training and involvement of grass root level health care workers.

Maximizing the visual outcome in traumatic cataract cases: The value of a primary posterior capsulotomy and anterior vitrectomy.

Objective: The objective was to provide evidence‑based care for patients with traumatic cataracts, we assessed whether a posterior capsulotomy and anterior vitrectomy, as part of the primary surgical procedure, could be a positive predictor of final visual outcome. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective randomized control trial. Patients presenting at our hospital between January 2010 and December 2012 having ocular trauma and traumatic cataracts were enrolled, according to the inclusion criteria. We enrolled two groups: Those with and without primary posterior capsulotomy and vitrectomy. Information regarding demographic and ocular trauma were collected using the World Eye Trauma Registry form at the first visit and follow‑up, and specific information was collected for both the group who underwent posterior capsulectomies and vitrectomies as a part of the primary procedure, and the control group. Data were analyzed to evaluate the predictive value of primary posterior capsulectomy and anterior vitrectomy. Results: We enrolled 120 cases, 60 in each group, comprising 31 females and 89 males. When all other variables were controlled for, the visual outcome (best corrected visual acuity) differed significantly (P < 0.001) between the groups. Conclusion: Performance of posterior capsulectomy and anterior vitrectomy as part of the primary procedure improves the final visual outcome.

Final visual outcome following re exploration of cataracts performed by trainee surgeons in India.

Objective: To investigate the outcome of secondary intraocular lens implantation, compare final visual outcome between different categories of surgeon, and evaluate care provided by teaching hospitals to patients with capsular complications. Materials and Methods: Setting: Teaching hospital. Design: Retrospective study. Subjects were recruited by examination of electronic medical records. All patients operated for corrective surgery following capsular complications during cataract surgery were included. All patient medical records were reviewed, and data were collected for 359 eyes. Main outcome measures: Visual acuity and major complications. All collected data were entered into Microsoft Excel and analyzed by SPSS 17 software using cross tabulation and Chi-squared tests. Results: Surgical intervention made a significant difference to the final visual outcome (P < 0.001). The category of the trainee had a significant effect on the final visual outcome (P = 0.021). Conclusion: Capsular complications during cataract surgery should be surgically treated to improve outcome.