Hypophagic and hypolocomotive effects of metachloro phenyl piperazine in rats treated with theophylline and caffeine

Long term intake of coffee is known to produce anxiety and suppression of appetite. 5- hydroxytryptamine [5-HT] acting via 5-HT-2C receptors elicits anorexia and anxiety. The present study is design to monitor metachloro phenyl piperazine [m-CPP] at a dose of 3mg/ml/kg, induces hypophagia and hypolocomotion in rats taking a solution of caffeine [a component of coffee and tea] or theophylline [a component of tea] as a sole source of water. We found that hypophagic and hypolocomotive effects of m-CPP were attenuated in theophylline but not in caffeine treated animals suggesting that long term intake of theophylline may, attenuate anorexiogenic and anxiogenic effects of 5-HT. A possible role of 5-HT-2C receptors in the modulation of anxiety and appetite in people drinking coffee or tea discussed

therapeutic role of magnesium in different depressive syndromes of female patients

Numerous studies have proven that low levels of B vitamins, vitamins C and magnesium have been associated with depression. These all help in the brain's production of neurotransmitters and may enhance the effectiveness of antidepressant medications. Calcium and magnesium have a soothing effect on the nerves and can be particularly helpful when depression interferes with sleep. Previous studies have shown that there are depleted magnesium levels in the depressed patients. The present study is based on the finding that magnesium supplements can reduce the signs and symptoms of depression. In this experiment behavioral and somatic features were evaluated such as agitation, guilt feeling, psychomotor retardation, insomnia, anxiety, weight loss, hypochondria which are the hall marks of clinical depression. The female subjects who were diagnosed with clinical depression and premenstrual dysphoric disorder were treated with daily dose of 360 mg. of magnesium. Depression was evaluated for three months. Nearly all the female patients responded positively to the magnesium therapy with elevation of mood, relaxation and sleep duration

In vitro effect of nystatin, gentian violet and garlic extract on candida albicans isolates from oral cavity

To evaluate in-vitro anticandidal activity of Nystatin. Gentian Violet and Garlic extract on Candida albicans isolates from oral cavity. For screening of antifungal activity of Nystatin. Gentian Violet and Garlic Extract, 100 clinical isolates were collected from the department of Radiotherapy. Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Center and Fatima Jinnah Dental College and Hospital, Karachi. The samples were collected from the oral cavity and the sample site was buccal mucosa, tongue and hard palate. These isolates were finally identified on the basis of morphology and cultural characteristics and confirmed using germ tube method. The antifungal activity of Nystatin, Gentian Violet and Garlic Extract were carried out by disc diffusion method. Result showed that the mean zone of inhibition of Nystatin was 17.9mm, Gentian violet was 16.6mm and Garlic Extract was 16.6mm and all the drugs used were found to be very effective. It can be concluded from the study that all the drugs are very effective against clinical isolates of Candida albicans and secondly the organism had not developed any resistance to these drugs