RESUMO
Objective: In this study our main aims to know the clinicalprofile of pediatric enteric fever and the sensitivity pattern ofthe disease to drugs in this region.Methodology: This prospective observational study conductedin a tertiary care hospital at Dhaka from March to December2016 among suspected case of Enteric fever as per casedefinition. Among 212 suspected enteric fever 117 childrenwere diagnosed as enteric fever by blood culture and/or Widaltest.Results: During the study, Male: female were 1.3: 1. Maximum(70%) children were in age group 5 years or more. Most of thechildren were from urban slum area (53.6%) of Dhaka city.Cases were admitted throughout the year. Commonpresentation were fever (100%), anorexia (100%), painabdomen (74.4%) and loose motions (46.1%). The commonsigns were hepatomegaly (41.9%), hepatosplenomegaly(5.1%) coated tongue (64.9%), pallor (74.4%). Thecomplications rate was 35.9% and commonest being UTI andpneumonia. The overall positivity of Widal test was 89.7% andthe culture positivity was 32.5%. Among isolates, 94.7%wereSalmonella typhi and 5.3% Salmonella paratyphi A. Amongthem18.1% isolates were multi drug resistant.Conclusion: Enteric fever is most prevalent during summer &rainy session. WASA supplied water may play a role.Hepatomegaly is common. UTI and pneumonia are thecommonest complication. Multidrug resistant cases are not soas high as other countries. Cefixime, Ceftriaxone. Meropenamand Ofloxacine are the drugs of choice. Ciprofloxacin is stillcould be chosen for the treatment of enteric fever. Higher rateof resistant to Azithromycin is alarming.
RESUMO
Objective: In this study our main goal is to evaluate clinicaloutcome of neonatal septicemia in Bangladesh.Methods: This cross-sectional study is conducted at Neonatalunit of the department of paediatrics, Sir Salimullah MedicalCollege and Mitford Hospital, Dhaka, From July 2005 to June2006. Among 90 clinically diagnosed septicemic neonates, 30were blood culture positive.Results: During the study, where low birth weight (60%),prematurity (53%), prolonged rupture of membrane wasdocumented in 17% of cases. 70% delivery occurred by normalvaginal route, among them 50% occurred at home and 20%occurred at hospital. 30% were delivered by LUCS. 13% caseshad H/O fever in last trimester. Lethargic and reluctant to feed,83% had respiratory distress. Jaundice was present in 60%cases, fever was present in 40% cases. Other presentationswere apnea, convulsion, abdominal distension, sclerema,vomiting, hypothermia and diarrhoea.Conclusion: From our result, we can conclude that, thepattern of organisms are changing and high incidence ofmultidrug resistance remains a major challenge to manageneonatal septicemia.
RESUMO
Recent advances in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) expansion by growth factors including angiopoietin-like proteins (Angptls) have opened up the possibility to use HSCs in regenerative medicine. However, the unavailability of true in vitro HSCs expansion by these growth factors has limited the understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanism of HSCs expansion. Here, we report the functional role of mouse Angptls 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 7 and growth factors SCF, TPO, IGF-2 and FGF-1 on purified mouse bone-marrow (BM) Lineage(-)Sca-1(+)(Lin-Sca-1(+)) HSCs. The recombinant retroviral transduced-CHO-S cells that secrete Angptls in serum-free medium were used alone or in combination with growth factors (SCF, TPO, IGF-2 and FGF-1). None of the Angptls stimulated HSC proliferation, enhanced or inhibited HSCs colony formation, but they did support the survival of HSCs. By contrast, any of the six Angptls together with saturating levels of growth factors dramatically stimulated a 3- to 4.5-fold net expansion of HSCs compared to stimulation with a combination of those growth factors alone. These findings lead to an understanding of the basic function of Angptls on signaling pathways for the survival as well as expansion of HSCs in the bone marrow niche.