Synthesis and evaluation of new fluorinated anti-tubercular compounds

Treatment of tuberculosis [TB] and the discovery of effective new anti tubercular drugs is one of the most urgent priorities in health organizations all around the world. In the present study, fluorinated analogs of some of the most important anti-TB agents such as p-aminosalicylic acid [PAS], thiacetazone and pyrazinamide were synthesized and tested against TB. The fluorinated analog of thiacetazone was 20 times more potent than the parent compound against M.tuberculosis H37-RV, while the fluorinated PAS was almost three times less potent than PAS. A few other halogenated analogs of thioacetazone were also synthesized and subjected to anti-TB screening tests. The best halogen substituent was found to be fluorine which has the smallest size from one hand and the strongest electronegativity from the other hand among the halogen atoms. This fact reemphasizes the unique nature of fluorine as a golden substituent in medicinal chemistry

Prevalence of AmpC and ESBL producing E. coli and antibacterial effect of allim sativum on clinical isolates collected from Zahedan hospitals

AmpC beta-lactamases are capable to hydrolyse all beta-lactam antibiotics except cefepime and carbapenems. Herbal medicines have been important sources of products for the developing countries in treating common infectious diseases and overcome the problems of resistance and side effects of the currently available antimicrobial agents. Total 410 non repetitive clinical E. coli strains recovered during 7 month, were screened for AmpC production by disc diffusion test using cefoxitin [30 micro g] discs and confirmed by combined disc diffusion test using phenyl boronic acid and the MIC and MBC of Allim sativum [A. sativum] alcoholic extract against AmpC positive E. coli isolates were determined. A total of 107 of 410 isolates [26%] were cefoxitin resistant and 13 [3.1%] isolates harboured AmpC enzymes. A. sativum alcoholic extract were effective against AmpC producing E. coli isolates. There is need for a correct and reliable phenotypic test to identify AmpC beta lactamases and to discriminate between AmpC and ESBL producers and also these bioactive plants may help alleviate the problem of drug resistance

Effectiveness of various medications on post operative pain of vital teeth after root canal therapy

Postoperative pain following root canal therapy is of concern for endodontic patients and dentists. Despite the fact that the pain relief afforded by endodontic is effective, it is rarely immediate and complete. The purpose of this double blind study was to compare the efficacy of betamethasone, indomethacin, ibuprofen, used commonly to control post endodontic pain or a placebo. This randomized, double blind, placebo controlled study included 100 patients with symptomatic, vital and one canal tooth. Patients were randomly allocated into one of the four groups to receive treatment three times a day with ibuprofen [400 mg], betamethasone [2 mg], indomethacin [75 mg] or placebo following completion of root canal treatment. The patients recorded pain intensity on a special chart [visual analogue scale] at time intervals of 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after treatment. ANOVA and t-test was used to determine statistical significance. p-value<0.05 was considered statistically significant. In the placebo group, the mean pain score was significantly higher than in all the groups in different time after treatment. In the ibuprofen group, patients experienced significantly more pain than in the indomethacin and betamethasone groups, in 6 and 12 hours after treatment but the difference was not significant in 24 and 48 hours. The mean pain score was not significant difference between indomethacin and betamethasone group. The results demonstrate that the betamethasone and indomethacin may be more effective than ibuprofen for the management of postoperative pain after nonsurgical endodontic treatment when patients present with moderate to severe pain