Optical properties of polyvinyl alcohol membrane with n-HAp for bio-medical applications

Composite membrane as a flexible materials have found diverse applications in industrial and biomedical simultaneously, the recent studies have shown intrinsic improvement for membrane properties by inclusion of nanoparticles as a fillers with high portion ratio in inorganic polymers, the combination between two parts polymer and filler is as a result of collection the advantage of two component systems parts together. In this work, samples of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-nanoHaydroxyapatite (nHAp) composites were prepared by using casting method. The effects of addition of (nHAp) with different concentration on the optical properties of (PVA- nHAp) composite membrane have been studied by using wavelength range (220-820) nm. The absorption spectra, transmittance spectra, absorption coefficient, energy gap, refractive index, optical conductivity and extinction coefficient have been determined. The results show that the optical constants change with the increase of nHPA concentrations.

Assessment of oxidative stress and some trace elements in hypertensive patients

Objective: Hypertension is one of the major risk factor for coronary heart disease. Oxidative stress plays a key role to the development and progression of hypertension. The objective of this study was to assess the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension and to establish the protective role of trace elements in hypertension

Methods: This study was carried out in Medical City Hospital in Baghdad. A total of 60 newly diagnosed patients with primary hypertension participated in the study; and compared with 60 healthy subjects as control group. The age ranged between 38 to 50 years. Serum malondialdehyde and trace elements; copper, zinc, magnesium, and selenium were assayed

Results: There was a significant increase in serum malondialdehyde levels in hypertensive patients as compared to the control [p=0.001]. Trace elements levels included copper, zinc, and selenium were significantly lower in hypertensive patients as compared to the control [p=0.001]. The copper to zinc ratio was elevated in hypertensive patients, but it was not significant

Conclusions: It was concluded that hypertensive patients subjected to increased oxidative stress which may initiate the pathophysiology of this disease. Serum levels of Cu, Zn, and Se were significantly lower in patients with primary hypertension as compared to the control group

study of serum protein electrophoresis in patients with multiple myeloma

Multiple myeloma [MM] is caused by the malignant proliferation of plasma cells through the bone marrow. The clinical features are due to disordered immunoglobulin synthesis and/or secretion from the cell. The amount of protein in the vascular compartment depends on the balance between the rate of synthesis and catabolism or loss. Electrophoresis is a technique that separates compounds such as proteins according to their different electrical charge. In this way, five main groups of proteins namely albumin and the alpha 1, alpha 2, beta, gamma -globulins, may be distinguished after protein staining and may be visually compared with those in a normal control serum. To evaluate total serum protein, serum albumin, serum globulin, and serum protein electrophoresis in Iraqi MM patients. This study was conducted during the period from August 2012 until the end of November 2012. The patients were admitted to Medical City Hospital and all the measurements were performed in the Medical Teaching Laboratories in Baghdad. Total serum protein was measured by colorimetric Biuret method, while serum albumin was measured by bromocresol green method, serum globulin, and serum protein electrophoresis were measured in 25 patients with MM; their age range was [50-70] years and compared with 25 healthy controls. Total serum protein and serum globulin were significantly increased [86.76 +/- 17.05 g/l and 55.36 +/- 20.54 g/l respectively] in patients with MM, as compared with their controls, [P=0.0001]. While a significant decreased was found in serum albumin [29.6 +/- 8.77 g/l] and albumin to globulin ratio [0.64 +/- 0.36 g/l] for patients with MM as compared with their controls, [P=0.0001]. Abnormal concentrations of total serum protein, serum albumin, serum globulin, and M-band are associated with MM

To compare changes in serum electrolytes during turp, while using 5% dextrose water and glycine as irrigation fluids in two groups

To compare changes in serum electrolytes during TURP, while using 5% dextrose water and gly-cine as irrigation fluids in two groups. Experimental study design. Department of Anaesthesiology, Liaquat National Hospital, Karachi, from January 2004 to Jun 2004. 60 ASA I and II patients who presented for TURP under spinal anaesthesia were divided in two groups. 30 patients were included in each group. Patients in group A received 5% dextrose water as irrigation fluid while patients in group B received 1.5% glycine as irrigation fluid. Serum electrolytes were checked preoperatively, intraoperatively at every 15 minutes interval and postoperatively every hour for 2 hours. Serum Na+ level was decreased in both groups, but it was more marked in group A, maximum change being recorded at 45 minutes interval. These changes returned towards baseline with in 2 hours. Serum K[+], Cl and HCO[3] were also decreased in both the groups with more marked changes in group A. However, these changes were statistically insignificant. After comparing 1.5% glycine with 5% dextrose water as irrigation fluids during TURP, we concluded that glycine was found to be better irrigation fluid as dextrose water causes more evident hyperv-olemia, hyponatremia and hemodilution than glycine