Effects of position on oxygen saturation in acute respiratory distress in neonates

To determine the effects of prone versus supine positions of the patient on oxygen [O[2]] saturation in neonates with acute respiratory distress. Observational Cross sectional study. Department of Paediatrics Chandka Medical College Hospital Larkana, from December 2011 to June 2012. One hundred neonates were included in this study by non-probability sampling. All the patients with respiratory distress [RD] were kept in supine position for three hours after all necessary resuscitative measures and oxygen saturation was recorded with pulse oximeter. After that they were kept in prone position for six hours. With pulse oximeter oxygen saturation and respiratory rate were measured every two hours interval for six hours. Age ranged from 1 hour - 25 days. There were 77 [77%] term, 19 [19%] preterm and 4 [4%] post term babies with male to female ratio of 1.3:1. There were a total of 200 supineprone cycles. After 6 hour in prone position the PaO[2] of all patients increased by about 7%. In supine position it was 86.4 +/- 5.7 and in prone 93.5 +/- 4.1 with p value of < 0.001 which is statistically highly significant. Prone position improves oxygenation in majority of patients as compared to supine position

Calculus anuria and its remedy

Urinary lithiases have been a major urological problem. The objective was to determine the out come of treatment for patients with calculus anuria. A descriptive study was conducted at Department of Urology Chandka Medical College Hospital, Larkana from March 2007 to April 2009. All patients with a diagnosis of calculus anuria of all ages and either sex were included in the study. Detailed history, physical examination and examination of genitourinary tract was performed. Investigations included complete blood examination, blood urea, serum creatinine, ultrasonography of KUB area, and X-Ray KUB. Among the 66 patients the cause of anuria was bilateral obstruction by the calculi in 46 cases, unilateral obstruction with small/absent/nephrectomised contralateral kidney in 20 cases. In most of the cases, ureteric catheterisation was done to relieve the obstruction. Five deaths were observed, despite emergency urinary diversion and appropriate treatment. Calculus anuria is a urological emergency. Prompt and early intervention can save the life of patient and prevent to develop chronic renal failure