Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of different parts of Prunella vulgaris by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS and UPLC / 中国中药杂志

Prunellae Spica is the dried spica of Prunella vulgaris belonging to Labiatae and it is widely used in pharmaceutical and general health fields. As a traditional Chinese medicine cultivated on a large scale, it produces a large amount of non-medicinal parts, which are discarded because they are not effectively used. To analyze the chemical constituents in the different samples from spica, seed, stem, and leaf of P. vulgaris, and explore the application value and development prospect of these parts, this study used ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-tandem quadrupoles time of flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS) to detect chemical constituents in different parts of P. vulgaris. As a result, 117 compounds were detected. Among them, 87 compounds were identified, including 32 phenolic acids, 8 flavonoids, and 45 triterpenoid saponins. Some new triterpenoid saponins containing the sugar chain with 4-6 sugar units were found. Further, multivariate statistical analysis was conducted on BPI chromatographic peaks of multiple batches of different parts, and the results showed that spica had the most abundant chemical constituents, including salviaflaside and linolenic acid highly contained in the seed and phenolic acids, flavonoids, and triterpenoid saponins in the stem and leaf. In general, the constituents in the spica were composed of those in the seed, stem, and leaf. UPLC was used to determine the content of 6 phenolic acids(danshensu, protocatechuic acid, protocatechuic aldehyde, caffeic acid, salviaflaside, and rosmarinic acid) in different parts. The content of other phenolic acids in the seed was generally lower than that in the spica except that of salviaflaside. The content of salviaflaside in the spica was higher than that in the stem and leaf, but the content of other phenolic acids in the spica was not significantly different from that in the stem. The content of protocatechuic aldehyde and caffeic acid in the spica was lower than that in the leaf. DPPH free radical scavenging method was used to detect the antioxidant activity of four parts, and there was no significant difference in the antioxidant activity between the spica and the stem and leaf, but that was significantly higher than the seed. Moreover, the antioxidant activity of these parts was correlated with the content of total phenolic acids. Based on the above findings, the stem and leaf of P. vulgaris have potential application value. Considering the traditional medication rule, it is feasible to use the whole plant as a medicine. Alternatively, salviaflaside, occurring in the seed, can be used as a marker compound for the quality evaluation of Prunellae Spica, if only using spica as the medicinal part of P. vulgaris, as described in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(2020 edition).

The clinical effect of dexmedetomidine preoperative nasal drip assisted in patients with strabismus correction under local anesthesia / 医学研究生学报

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effects of intranasal dexmedetomidine premedication on Sedation anxiety score, circulation index, drug dosage (atropine, sufentanil), and adverse reactions in patients undergoing strabismus surgery with local anesthesia. MethodsNinety patients undergoing strabismus surgery were enrolled and randomly divided into the dexmedetomidine group (n=45) and control group (n=45). 30min before the local anesthesia, dexmedetomidine was given intranasally with a dose of 2 μg/kg in the dexmedetomidine group, while the control group treated equal volume saline. The MAP and HR values before pre-dose (T0), 10 min (T1), 20 min (T2), and 30 min (T3) were recorded. The Ramsay score was calculated 30 minutes after administration. SAS scores were made 1 day before surgery and 1 day after surgery. Meanwhile, we measured the dosage of atropine, sufentanil, and the incidence of adverse reactions during surgery. ResultsThe HR and MAP of patients in the dexmedetomidine group were significantly lower than those in the control group at T2 and T3 (P<0.05). The SAS score of the dexmedetomidine group was significantly lower than that of the control group 1 day after the operation. There was no significant difference between the dexmedetomidine group and the control group in the dosage of atropine, the incidence of oculocardiac reflex (OCR), and respiratory depression. The dose of sufentanil in the dexmedetomidine group was lower than that of the control group. The incidence of nausea and vomiting in the control group was significantly higher than that of the dexmedetomidine group.Conclusion Dexmedetomidine (2 μg/kg) preoperative nasal drip has a good sedative effect without obvious adverse reactions and could be safely assisted in clinical anesthesia for patients undergoing local anesthesia correction surgery.