Study of arousal index in children with sleep-disordered breathing / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore which index is more suitable to show the degree of sleep fragment in children with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Between October 2009 and August 2011, Forty-five children (4 - 8 years) who were diagnosed as obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) were enrolled in OSAHS group[obstructive apnea index (OAI) > 1 times/h or apnea hypopnea index (AHI) > 5 times/h, lowest oxygen saturation (LSaO2) < 0.92] and 54 children were enrolled in SDB group (1 ≤ AHI ≤ 5 times/h and OAI ≤ 1 times/h), 18 children with chorditis nodules made up control group (AHI < 1 times/h and LSaO2 ≥ 0.92, without SDB-related history). The difference of respiratory arousal index (RAI), spontaneous arousal index (SAI), total arousal index (ARtotI) and sleep pressure score (SPS) were compared among three groups. The correlation between RAI, SAI, ARtotI, SPS and AHI were also analyzed. Furthermore, RAI, SAI, ARtotI and SPS were compared before and after operation in 14 OSAHS children with detailed pre- and after polysomnography data.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The difference of SAI and ARtotI between SDB group and OSAHS group and ARtotI between OSAHS group and control group were not significant (P > 0.017), except this, the difference of other index between any two groups or SAI and ARtotI between otherwise two groups were significant (P < 0.017). RAI and SPS was correlated with AHI (coefficient correlation: 0.751, 0.829, P was 0.000). RAI and SPS decreased after operation and the difference was significant (Z were -3.045 and -2.982, P were 0.002 and 0.003). The difference of sleep structure was not significant.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>RAI and SPS were more suitable to show the degree of sleep fragment than other arousal index.</p>

Application of minimally invasive technique of coblation in 30 infants with epiglottic cyst / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To present the efficacy of minimally invasive technology of coblation in the treatment of infant epiglottic cyst.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 30 infants with epiglottic cyst treated between January 2008 and January 2011 were reviewed retrospectively. All infants with epiglottic cyst were treated with the ArthroCare ENT Coblator II Surgery System after being checked completely.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All 30 patients were successfully operated. The blood loss was less than 2 ml during the surgery. The infants recovered without any complications and were discharged from hospital in 10 days after surgery. The clinical symptoms improved significantly or disappeared. No patients showed recurrence during followed-up over 6 months.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The advantage of the minimally invasive technology of coblation in infant epiglottic cyst was less bleeding, little injury and postoperative organization reaction.</p>

Activity of bilateral posterior cricoarytenoid muscle satellite cell after denervation or reinnervation with ansa in dogs / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the activity of bilateral posterior cricoarytenoid muscle satellite cell after denervation or reinnervation with ansa cervicalis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty four dogs were randomly divided into 3 groups. The bilateral laryngeal recurrent nerves were cut in group one in all dogs. The bilateral laryngeal recurrent nerves were anastomosed with ansa cervicalis after incision in group two in all dogs. The dogs in group three were used as control. Nine weeks after surgery, the electromyography was used to test the regeneration of the nerve. The posterior cricoarytenoid muscles biopsy were collected. The expression of mRNA of Myogenin, Myf5, and Pax7 was assayed by realtime RT-PCR after total RNA isolation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Two dogs died after surgery in incision and anastomose group. The electromyography suggested that the RLN of all dogs had denervated in the incision group and had reinnervated in the anastomose group after 9 weeks. Myogenin mRNA from RLN incision dogs PCA muscles had greater expression versus controls (Z = 1.42, P < 0.01) or anastomosed dogs (Z = 1.38, P < 0.01). Myf5 mRNA expression from RLN incision dogs PCA muscles had significant increase versus control dogs (Z = 1.66, P < 0.01) or anastomosed dogs (Z = 1.69, P < 0.01). Pax7 mRNA expression from RNL incision dogs had significant increase compared with control (Z = 1.66, P < 0.01) or anastomosed animals (Z = 1.42, P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in Myogenin (Z = 1.34, P > 0.05), Myf5 (Z = 0.54, P > 0.05) and Pax (Z = 0.54, P > 0.05) mRNA expression between controls and anastomosed animals.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The bilateral denervation of RLN cause significantly increasing in dog PCA muscle satellite cell proliferation and differentiation. The bilateral reinnervation of RLN cause PCA muscle satellite cell come back nonproliferative, quiescent state in dog.</p>