A preliminary clinical study of polyester spacer-enhanced pancreatico-intestinal anastomosis in pancreaticoduodenectomy / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective:To investigate the safety and utility of using polyester spacers in conventional pancreatico-enteric anastomosis in pancreaticoduodenectomy to achieve prevention of postoperative pancreatic fistula.Methods:The clinical data of 82 patients with pancreaticoduodenectomy completed by the same physician in Anyang People's Hospital from August 2018 to August 2023 were retrospectively analyzed, including 52 males and 30 females, aged (62.21±9.75) years. They were divided into two groups, test group ( n=40) and control group ( n=42) according to whether polyester spacers were used in pancreatico-intestinal anastomosis, the perioperative data of the two groups were compared, and Logistic analysis was used to analyze the risk factors affecting postoperative pancreatic fistula. Results:There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of biliary fistula, intestinal fistula, abdominal infection, abdominal bleeding, and postoperative mortality rate (all P>0.05). The incidence of postoperative pancreatic fistula in the test group was 20.0% (8/40) which was lower than that in the control group 45.2% (19/42), and the difference was statistically significant ( P=0.015). Soft pancreas texture ( OR=16.595, 95% CI: 1.891~145.657) was an independent risk factor for postoperative pancreatic fistula, while improved pancreatic enterostomy with polyester spacers ( OR=0.332, 95% CI: 0.114~0.969) could reduce the risk of postoperative pancreatic fistula. Conclusion:Use of polyester spacers to reinforce the pancreatico-enteric anastomosis during pancreaticoduodenectomy reduces the incidence of postoperative pancreatic fistulae with good safety and practicality.

Study of 68Ga-NODAGA-RGD PET/CT in predicting short-term efficacy of tyrosine kinase inhibitor in the treatment of distant metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer / 中华核医学与分子影像杂志

Objective:To investigate the clinical application of 68Ga-cyclo( L-arginylglycyl- L-α-aspartyl- D-tyrosyl-N6-(((4, 7-bis(carboxymethyl)-1, 4, 7-triazonan-1-yl)acetyl))- L-lysyl) (NODAGA-RGD) PET/CT to evaluate short-term efficacy of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) in distant metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer (dmDTC). Methods:From October 2019 to March 2023, 13 dmDTC patients (5 males, 8 females; age: 68(65, 69) years) from Nanjing First Hospital were retrospectively enrolled, of which 9 were clinically confirmed as radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RAIR-DTC) and 4 were dmDTC without radioactive iodine treatment. All patients underwent 68Ga-NODAGA-RGD PET/CT to assess neovascularization of the target lesions (TL), and the SUV max and target background ratio (T/B) were recorded. After 3 months of TKI treatment (anrotinib ( n=9) or apatinib ( n=4)), change rates of the maximum diameter of TL and thyroglobulin (Tg) were measured. The correlation of SUV max, T/B and the change rate of the maximum diameter of TL were analyzed by Spearman rank correlation analysis. ROC curve analysis was performed for the effectiveness of the T/B and TKI therapy, and the difference of the remission rate of lesions was analyzed by Fisher exact test. Results:In 13 patients, 36 TL were measured by 68Ga-NODAGA-RGD PET/CT with SUV max of 5.44(3.43, 7.56) and T/B of 5.25(4.50, 7.23). The change rate of the maximum diameter of TL was -30%(-39%, -21%) and the change rate of Tg was -68%(-96%, -52%). T/B was negatively correlated with the change rate of the maximum diameter of TL after TKI therapy ( rs=-0.46, P=0.005), while SUV max was not correlated with the change rate of the maximum diameter of TL ( rs=0.03, P=0.883). ROC curve analysis showed that the optimal cut-off value for T/B was 4.95, with the AUC of 0.698, the sensitivity of 87.5%, and the specificity of 60.0%. Compared to lesions with T/B<4.95, those with T/B≥4.95 showed higher remission rate (2/14 vs 63.6%(14/22); P=0.006). After 3 months of TKI treatment, the disease control rate was 12/13. Conclusion:68Ga-NODAGA-RGD PET/CT can effectively reflect tumor neovascularization, predict efficacy of TKI therapy, and provide powerful imaging evidence for TKI therapy in dmDTC.

Preliminary study of apatinib combined with 131I therapy in patients with progressive metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer / 中华核医学与分子影像杂志

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of apatinib combined with 131I therapy for progressive metastatic differentiated thyroid cancer (pmDTC). Methods:Seven patients (1 male, 6 females, age: 58(51, 66) years) with pmDTC in Nanjing First Hospital between November 2017 and February 2022 were enrolled. Patients received oral apatinib 500 mg once daily. The effect of apatinib on differentiated thyroid cancer were evaluated by using 18F-FDG PET/CT or CT at 3(2, 4) months after the treatment. Then in the state of continuous administration of apatinib, 131I therapy was initiated. 18F-FDG PET/CT or CT was performed at 3 months after apatinib combined with 131I therapy to evaluate the response. Both thyroglobulin (Tg) and Tg antibody levels were monitored every 4 to 8 weeks after the treatment. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for data analysis. Results:Five patients achieved partial response after 3(2, 4) months of apatinib treatment and two patients had progressive disease. The disease control rate and objective response rate were both 5/7. Five patients achieved partial response and two patients were in stable disease after apatinib combined with 131I therapy for 2(1, 2) times, with disease control rate and objective response rate of 7/7 and 5/7, respectively. The Tg level declined from 8 644(2 504, 16 300) μg/L (baseline) to 143(7, 3 574) μg/L( z=-2.37, P=0.018) after apatinib combined with 131I therapy. In addition, one patient had a significant increase in 131I uptake in the tumor lesions after long-term treatment with apatinib. Conclusions:Apatinib has obvious anti-tumor effects and high objective response rate is observed after apatinib treatment in patients with pmDTC. The anti-tumor effects are more prominent after combined with 131I therapy. Long-term treatment with apatinib may alter the tumor microenvironment to induce differentiation and increase iodine uptake in tumor lesions, which need to be further studied.

The status and health risk assessment of dietary fipronil contamination among 20 provinces of China / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective@#To understand the status and health risk assessment of dietary fipronil contamination among 20 provinces of China.@*Methods@#A total of 13 kinds of dietary samples in Chinese total diet study include cereals, legumes, potatoes, meats, eggs, aquatics, dairies, vegetables, fruits, sugars, beverages and water, alcohols, condiments and their corresponding products. Among them, condiments were used in the preparation of 12 other sample categories; thus, the actual mixed dietary samples of each province covered 12 groups. A total of 240 mixed dietary samples were collected from 20 provinces in China from 2009 to 2013. After the sample extraction and cleanup, dietary samples were analyzed for the residues of fipronil and its metabolites to obtain the contamination levels of fipronil residues using liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. The dietary intake of adult residents was estimated based on food consumption of general population of China.@*Results@#Among the 240 dietary samples, the detection rate of fipronil was 10.4% (25 samples), and the detection rates of fipronil metabolites, i.e. fipronil desulfinyl, fipronil sulfone and fipronil sulfide were 20.4% (49 samples), 40.0% (96 samples) and 8.8% (21 samples), respectively. According to the dietary exposure analysis, the average lower and upper dietary exposure levels of fipronil residues in adult residents of China were 11.34 and 12.35 ng·kg-1·d-1, accounting for 5.7% and 6.2% of acceptable daily intake (ADI), respectively. The highest adult dietary intake of fipronil residues was found in Hunan province, with a value of 72.98 ng·kg-1·d-1, accounting for 36.5% of ADI. Vegetables were the main dietary source of fipronil residues, which contributed to 71.0% of the total intake dose.@*Conclusion@#Fipronil residues were detected in varying degrees in dietary samples, yet the health risk caused by the dietary intake of adult residents among 20 provinces of China is low.

Effect of oropharyngeal healthy exercise combined with guided education in the treatment of dysphagia in patients with Alzheimer's disease / 现代临床护理

Objective To explore the effect of oropharyngeal healthy exercise combined with guided education in the treatment of dysphagia in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods 90 AD inpatients in the geriatric psychiatric department of Guangzhou Huiai Hospital during May 2014 and August 2015 were equally randomized into the study group and the control group with a random digit table:the former group was treated with routine oral muscles training and the latter with oropharyngeal healthy exercises combined with guided education plus routine muscles training. The comparison was done between the groups in terms of the total curative effectiveness 4 weeks following the intervention. Result The total effective rate in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.01). Conclusion The oropharyngeal healthy exercise combined with guided education can effectively promote the recovery of swallowing function in AD patients.

Optimization of chronic heart failure model induced by coronary artery ligation in rats with swimming exhaustion / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

AIM:To establish the rat model of ischemic chronic heart failure by coronary artery ligation combining with exhaustive swimming.METHODS:40 adult rats were treated with coronary artery ligation,after 4 weeks cardiac function measurement were conducted by ultrasonography.Rats with LVEF below 40％ are considered as successful model duplication.11 rats were collected for the coronary artery ligation group,while the rest (whose LVEF were bigger than 40％) were pushed to swim for 1h per day by 15 days to promote the model formation which 8 rats were collected for exhaustion with ligation group.Left ventricular function indexes,brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and cardiac histomorphologic changing were checked,and compared with the Control group (10 rats).RESULTS:LVEF of exhaustion with ligation group was (38.70 ± 10.10) ％,coronary artery ligation group (39.20 ± 11.10)％,which was obviously decreasing (P ＜ 0.01) compared with that of the control group (84.60 ± 3.64) ％.LVEDP of exhaustion with ligation group was (11.5 ± 1.3) mm Hg,coronary artery ligation group [(10.68 ± 4.45)mm Hg],which was obviously increasing (P ＜ 0.01)compared with that of the Control group [(4.4 ± 0.2) mm Hg].The BNP level of exhaustion with ligation group was (561.0 ± 21.0) μg/L,coronary artery ligation group (548.6 ± 25.8) μg/L,which was obviously increasing (P ＜0.01) compared with that of control group [(366.2 ± 21.8) μg/L].There are lots of red myocardial cells with stripe clear in the control group based on Masson's trichrome staining,but there are so many blue collagenous fibers instead of myocardial cells in exhaustion with ligation group and coronary artery ligation group.The standard-reaching rate of model was about 35％ at 4 weeks after operation,while final standard-reaching rate rose to about 62％ after exhausting swimming.Although the difference between the indexes of the coronary artery ligation group and the post ligation group was not significant,the rate of improvement was significant (P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION:Ligation of coronary artery combined with swimming exhaustion can establish ischemic chronic heart failure model,which is more economic and can obtain high success rate,thus is suitable to generalization.

rs12122341 polymorphism is not associated with risk of ischemic stroke in Chinese Han population / 国际脑血管病杂志

Objective To investigate correlation between the rs12122341 polymorphism and ischemic stroke and its major subtypes in Chinese Han population.Methods The patients with ischemic stroke and matched healthy controls in Chinese Han population were enrolled.The rs12122341 genotype was detected by the improved multiple ligase detection reaction (iMLDR).Results A total of 776 patients with ischemic stroke (415 large artery atherosclerotic stroke and 361 small artery occlusive stroke) and 776 healthy controls were enrolled.Genotyping showed that only rs12122341 CC and CG genotypes were detected in all subjects,and no GG genotype was detected.There was no significant difference in frequencies of allele and genotype between the patient group and the control group.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that there were no significant correlations between rs12122341 polymorphism and ischemic stroke (odds ratio [OR] 1.482,95％ confidence interval [CI]0.641-3.421;P =0.447),large artery atherosclerotic stroke (OR 1.972,95％ CI 0.655-6.034;P=0.227),and small arterial occlusive stroke (OR 1.632,95％ CI 0.437-6.262;P =1.000).Conclusions There is no significant correlation between the rs12122341 polymorphism and risk of ischemic stroke and its major subtypes in Chinese Han population.

Selection and identification of aptamers for mesenchymal stem cells from different species / 军事医学

Objective To screen an ssDNA aptamer for rabbit mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and to identify the ability of the aptamer to recognize MSCs of a variety of species origin.Methods MSCs were isolated from the thigh bone of immature rabbits and identified by induced osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation,respectively.Aptamers were screened by cell SELEX (systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment) technique targeting to isolated MSCs.Enrichment of the 5th pool was evaluated through binding assay of FAM modified pool to MSCs by confocal microscopy.The enriched 5th pool was then cloned into pGE-T vector and the cloned sequences were determined randomly.The candidates were chosen based on primary sequence conservation and predicted secondary structure by RNA structure and MEME online analysis.Flow cytometry analysis was used to identify the aptamers binding to MSCs of rabbit, rat, and human origin.Results The isolated MSCs had the potential of osteogenic differentiation and adipogenic differentiation under certain conditions.Aptamer 5-1-12 from 5th enriched pool was characterized as MSCs recognizing aptamer binding to MSCs of rabbit, rat and human origin.Conclusion Aptamer 5-1-12 that recognizes MSCs of different species origin is obtained through live cell-SELEX.

The incidence and risk factors associated with sarcopenia in maintenance hemodialysis patients / 肠外与肠内营养

Objective:To investigate the incidence and related factors with sarcopenia in maintenance hemodialysis patients.Methods:A total of 131 patients with non-hospitalized maintenance hemodialysis who had been maintained for at least 3 months and in a stable condition were enrolled in a cross-sectional study.Bioelectric impedance analysis (BIA) method was employed to examine the muscle mass.MQSGA questionnaire was used to evaluate patients'nutrition status as well as related laboratory indicators.Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of sarcopenia in MHD patients.Results:The incidence of sarcopenia in 131 MHD patients was 41.22％ (54/131).Significant differences were observed in gender,duration of hemodialysis,hs-CRP and the score of M(Q)SGA between the two groups.The incidence of sarcopenia in male was 43.67 times compared with female.And with the increase of hs-CRP levels and MQSGA score,the incidence of sarcopenia was increased as well (P ＜0.05).Conclusion:Sarcopenia has a high incidence in MHD patients,and male,micro-inflammatory state and malnutrition were the risk factors.

Duration of untreated psychosis and the related factors among Tibetan patients with schizophrenia in Qing- hai / 中国神经精神疾病杂志

Objective To study related factors of the duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) in Tibetan patients with schizophrenia in Qinghai Province. Methods The related factors on DUP were investigated in totally 188 Tibetan pa?tients with schizophrenia using questionnaires of mental health services and symptom onset for schizophrenia. All the Ti?betan patients were provided with the National Continuing Management and Intervention Program for Psychoses (686 Pro?gram). Results The median (low quartile, upper quartile) of DUP in Tibetan patients with schizophrenia was 375 days (4 days, 1661 days). The patients were divided into short DUP group (DUP≤375days, 90 patients) and long DUP group (DUP>375 days, 98 patients). There were significant differences in mode of onset,marital status, educational level, family type, place of residence between short DUP group and long DUP group (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis found that lack of family structure (OR=2.340, 95%CI:1.130~4.847, P=0.022), chronic onset (OR=2.136, 95%CI:1.172~3.891, P=0.013) and living in pastoral areas (OR=2.239, 95%CI:1.097~4.571, P=0.027) were risk factors of DUP. Conclusion Ti?betan patients with schizophrenia have a longer DUP and related risk factories of DUP are lack of family structure, chron?ic onset and living in pastoral areas.

Clinical Observation of Daily Vesiculating Moxibustion Combined with Cluster Immunotherapy for Treatment of Perennial Allergic Rhinitis / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To explore a more effective way to enhance the clinical efficacy of cluster immunotherapy for perennial allergic rhinitis. Methods A total of 60 perennial allergic rhinitis patients were evenly randomized into treatment goup and control group. The two groups were given cluster immunotherapy, and the treatment group was given daily vesiculating moxibustion additionally . Before and after treatment, the scores of traditional Chinese medical constitution and the rhinitis quality of life ( QOL) were observed, and one year after treatment, the therapeutic effect and safety were evaluated. Results ( 1) One year after treatment, the treatment group showed better total clinical efficiency than the control group ( 96.67% vs 80.00%, P0.05). ( 4) Two cases had grade 1 general adverse reaction and 5 cases had local adverse reaction during cluster immunotherapy. During vesiculating moxibustion, 3 cases had blistering and the blistering disappeared after symptomatic treatment. Conclusion Daily vesiculating moxibustion combined with cluster immunity therapy is effective for the treatment of allergic rhinitis, showing good effect on improving Qi deficiency constitution, yang deficiency constitution and special constitution as well as the quality of life of the patients.

Effects of TCM Staged Sequential Therapy on Expressions of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 and Its Inhibitor in Asthmatic Rats with Airway Remodeling / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

This study was aimed to verify the effects of staged sequential therapy on expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and its inhibitor TIMP-1 within lung tissues in asthmatic rats with the airway remodeling, by applying a series of tests such as the immunohistochemistry, western blot and real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. SD rats were randomly divided into 7 groups, which were the asthmatic group (Group X), the normal group (Group Z), the No. 1 sequential therapy group (Group A1), the No. 2 sequential therapy group (Group A2), the No. 3 sequential therapy group (Group A3), the montelukast group (Group M), and the budesonide group (Group B). The asthmatic model was established in each group except Group Z, by sensitization with both ovalbumin (OVA) and aluminium hydroxide via injection at the 1st, 8th and 15th day in a 22-day duration, followed by OVA aerosol inhalation every other day for 8 weeks for asthma activation. At the 8th day after the asthmatic model was established, Group A1 was orally given Ma-Xing Er-Chen Tang (MXECT) during acute phase while given normal saline (NS) during catabasis and stable phase; Group A2 was given MXECT during acute phase, and given modified Jin-Shui Liu-Jun Jian (JSLJJ) during catabasis as well as given NS during stable phase; Group A3 was given MXECT during acute phase, and given modified JSLJJ during catabasis as well as given Liu-Wei Di-Huang (LWDH) Powders during stable phase;Group M was given salbutamol via aerosol inhalation after stimulation, while orally given montelukast during catabasis and stable phase; Group B was given salbutamol via aerosol inhalation after stimulation, while given inhaled budesonide during catabasis and stable phase; Group X was given NS. After the 7-week intervention, the immunohistochemistry, western blot and real-time quantitative PCR were applied to analyze the location and quantitative expression of MMP-9 and TIMP-1, so as to find out the biological mechanism on expressions of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in lung tissues of asthmatic rats from molecular levels to gene levels. The results of immunohistochemistry, western blot and real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR showed as follows. Compared with Group Z, the contents of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 increased significantly within lung tissues in Group X. Compared with Group X, the contents of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 decreased within lung tissues of asthmatic rats in each treatment group. It was concluded that the expression of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 elevated during asthma. TCM staged sequential therapy can regulate the ratio between MMP-9 and its inhibitor so as to block the airway remodeling, by decreasing the expression of MMP-9 and its inhibitor within lung tissues in asthmatic rats. This is one of the important action mechanisms.

Preliminary screen of high cariogenicity Streptococcus mutans strains isolated from clinical specimens / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To screen of high cariogenicity Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) strains isolated from clinical specimens preliminary.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Acidogenicity, aciduricity, extracellular polysaccharide production and adhesion of 41 strains of S. mutans isolated from clinical specimens were investigated to screen high cariogenicity S. mutans strains.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were different cariogenicity among 41 strains of S. mutans, in which 3 strains of S. mutans had all high ability to produce extracellular polysaccharide, adhere to the saliva-coated hydroxyapatite, produce acid and tolerate acid, indicated there were 3 strains with high cariogenicity S. mutans strains isolated from clinical specimens. Another 3 strains of S. mutans with all low ability to produce extracellular polysaccharide, adhere to the saliva-coated hydroxyapatite, produce acid and tolerate acid indicated they were low cariogenicity S. mutans strains isolated from clinical specimens.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>We may have obtained high cariogenicity S. mutans strains isolated from clinical specimens.</p>

Isolation and identification of Streptococcus mutans strains with different genotype from clinical samples / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) strains from clinical samples.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Plaque samples from caries-active and caries-free sites on enamel surfaces were obtained and cultivated for S. mutans isolation. Morphology, biochemistry, automatic microorganism analysis system and polymerase chain reaction using primers homologous to surface protein antigen I/II (spaP), glucosyltransferase B (gtfB) and dextranase (dexA) were used to identify S. mutans. Genotype of isolated S. mutans was determined by arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Forty-six strains of S. mutans were obtained from the 32 subjects and were identified as S. mutans by biochemistry, automatic microorganism analysis system and polymerase chain reaction. Five identical genotypes were found by arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Forty-one strains of S. mutans with different genotype were obtained from clinical samples.</p>

Selection and identification of ssDNA aptamers specific to clinical isolates of Streptococcus mutans strains with different cariogenicity / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To select and identify ssDNA aptamers specific to Streptococcus mutans strains with different cariogenicity isolated from clinical specimens.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Subtractive SELEX technology targeting the whole intact cells was used to screen for ssDNA aptamers specific to the clinical isolates Streptococcus mutans strains with different cariogenicity. Radioactive isotope, flow cytometry, gene cloning and sequencing, MEME online software and RNA structure analysis software were employed to analyze the first and secondary structures of the aptamers and identify the screened aptamers.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Detection by radioactive isotope showed sufficient pool enrichment after 9 rounds of subtractive SELEX. Flow cytometry showed that the selected aptamers H1, H16, H4, L1, L10 and H19 were capable of binding specifically with highly cariogenic Streptococcus mutans strains but not with strains with a low cariogenicity. The aptamer H19 had the strongest binding capacity to highly cariogenic Streptococcus mutans strains, with a dissociation constant of 69.45∓38.53 nmol/L.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>We have obtained the ssDNA aptamers specific to the clinical isolates of highly cariogenic Streptococcus mutans strains.</p>

Expression of cytokines in the degenerative cartilages and synovial tissues of osteoarthritis patients / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:The inflammation of osteoarthritis is mediated by chondrocytes and the synovial tissue-secreted cytokines. Articular cartilage and synovial tissue contains a variety of cytokines, which play important regulatory role in the repair of articular cartilage injury. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the relationship between chondrocytes, synovial tissue-secreted cytokines and osteoarthritis, as wel as the effect of chondrocytes and synovial tissue-secreted cytokines on osteoarthritis. METHODS:A computer-based search was conducted in Wanfang database (www.wanfangdata.com.cn), PubMed database (www.ncbi.nlm.nih.guv/pubmed) by the first author from 2005 to 2010. The key words were“osteoarthritis, degeneration, cartilage tissue, cytokines”. A total of 146 articles were obtained through computer search, then reading the titles and abstracts for initial screen, 86 articles with the unrelated research purposes were eliminated, 40 articles with the repetitive content were excluded, and final y 21 articles related to the effect of various cytokines in the degenerative cartilage and synovial tissue of the osteoarthritis patients were included for further analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The cytokines mainly refers to the activated immune cel s and some stromal cel-secreted non-specific regulate immune responses and inflammatory responses-mediated smal molecule proteins, including lymphokines produced by the lymphocytes, as wel as the single nuclear factor and other cytokines produced by monocytes macrophages. Synovial cel-secreted cytokines may partial y explain the pathological process of osteoarthritis and play an important role in joint inflammation. Although, more and more scholars have pay attention to the effect of synovial cel s and cartilage cel-secreted cytokines, but mainly studies the effect of exogenous cytokines on chondrocytes or synovial cel s, and the effect of endogenous cytokines in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis has not been extensively studied.

Retrograde soleal muscle with periosteum-cortex bone flap for treatment of Gustilo type Ⅲ distal tibial fractures / 中华创伤杂志

Objective To design a new combination transplantation method for management of Gustilo type Ⅲ distal tibial fractures.Methods The study involved 46 patients with Gustilo type Ⅲ distal tibial fractures ( 16 patients with Gustilo type Ⅲa fractures and 30 with Gustilo type Ⅲ b fractures)treated with retrograde soleal muscle with periosteum-cortex bone flap grafting from October 1998 to November 2008.There were 29 males and 17 females at an average age of 36 years (range,23-77 years).After the complement of fracture fixation,the attachment point of the medial half of the soleal muscle to the upper tibia was exposed.The periosteum together with thin cortex bone flap on the surface of tibia was incised.The soleal muscle with pefiosteum-cortex bone flap was turned downwards to cover the bone and the soft tissue defects.Results All patients were followed up for average 26 months ( range,30-46 months).Nine patients were treated with autologous iliac grafts and the other 37 patients underwent periosteum-cortex bone flap grafting.The mean time of bone union was 22 weeks ( range,18-37 weeks).One patient had infection of external fixation pin tract.The ankle joint movement of 38 patients was recovered to a normal or nearly normal,but the other eight patients had limitation in the activity.All patients were able to walk normally after operation,but five patients felt powerless when running.Conclusions Retrograde soleal muscle with periosteum-cortex bone flap grafting is characterized by simple operation,simultaneous reconstruction of bone and soft tissue defects and promotion of fracture healing,and hence is a feasible and effective method to repair bone and soft tissue defects in Gustilo type Ⅲ distal tibial fractures.

The changes of respiratory muscle strength by traditional Chinese medicine combined with cholinesterase inhibitors in myasthenia gravis patients / 中国综合临床

Objective To observe the changes of respiratory musc]e strength by traditional Chinese medicine combined with cholinesterase inhibitors in myasthenia gravis (MG) patients.Methods Thirty-four cholinesterase inhibitor-resistant patients,of them 14 were MG patients with stage Ⅰ ,and 20 were stage Ⅱ ,were treated with bromide dimethylcarbamate ( 360-480 mg/d ).Traditional Chinese potion were administered in those without effectiveness,and the dosages of bromide dimethylcarbamate decreased with Traditional Chinese potion lasting for 4-6 months.Vital capacity ( VC ),maximal voluntary ventilation ( MVV ),maximal inspiratory pressure ( PIM ),maximal expiratory pressure ( PEM ),respiratory centre driving pressure ( P0.1 ),residual volume ( RV )were measured before and after treatment.Results The amelioration of VC,MVV,PIM,PEM,P0.1 ,RV,respiratory muscle strength and other indicators of 34 MG patients were not obviously after treatment with cholinesterase inhibitor alone ( P ＞ 0.05 ).After treatment with traditional Chinese medicine combined with cholinesterase inhibitors,VC,MVV,PIM,PEM ( before treatment:76.66% ± 18.59%,68.03 % ± 10.45 %,43.25 % ± 18.16%,21.75 % ±14.44% ) increased significantly in all 34 MG patients( after treatment:86.91% ± 14.87% ,75.11% ± 11.17%,52.66% ±20.32% ,28.56% ± 10.06% ) ( P ＜ 0.05).RV decreased from 164.94% ± 67.97% to 143.16% ±79.21% (P ＜0.01 ),and respiratory muscle strength,endurance and other indicators significantly improved (P ＜0.01).PIM(65.80% ±28.03% to 52.66% ±20.32%),and PEM (37.03% ±20.57% to 28.56% ±10.06%)improved more significantly in group stage than in group stage (P ＜0.01 ).Respiratory muscle endurance in stage Ⅰpatients ( 108.71% ± 17.56% ) improved significantly than stage Ⅱ patients (96.01% ± 14.12% ,P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions Traditional Chinese medicine combined with cholinesterase inhibitors could effectively improve the lung function and respiratory muscle strength in patients with resistance of the cholinesterase inhibitors.The improvement of lung function,respiratory muscle strength were more obviously in stage Ⅰ patients than in stage Ⅱ patients.Respiratory muscle strength and endurance were improved greater in stage Ⅱ than in stage Ⅰ patients.

Reconstruction of a three-dimensional finite element model of lower thoracic vertebrae using CT in combination with reverse engineering software / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Studies of spinal biomechanics are conducted based on three-dimensional finite element model. The biomechanics of lower thoracic vertebra requires accurate and precise finite element models due to its structural characteristics. Currently, cervical and lumbar finite element models have been explored, but the studies of lower thoracic vertebra remains unclear.OBJECTIVE: Using reverse engineering software to reconstruct three-dimensional finite element model of lower thoracic vertebra, to lay a foundation for further biomechanical research. METHODS: imaging samples of one case with no spinal disease or osteoporosis were selected from Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical College. Informed content was obtained. Using non-spinal-disease CT data, three-dimensional finite element model Of lower thoracic vertebrae and intervertebral discs were reconstructed with Mimics, Gomagic and Ansys softwares. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Using reverse engineering software in combination with CT technique, the three-dimensional finite element model of lower thoracic vertebrae was reconstructed. The model accurately showed their anatomic characteristics and discrimination of inner structure. The lower thoracic vertebrae was divided into 112 540 tetrahedron elements. Results show that using reverse engineering software, a three-dimensional finite element model of lower thoracic vertebrae was successfully reconstructed, with high efficiency of establishment and simple operation.

Screening of anti-tumor parts from Tripterygium hypoglaucum / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To screen the anti-tumor active parts from Tripterygium hypoglaucum by anti-tumor experimental model in vivo and in vitro.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Ethanol extraction was separated and purified by column chromatography of ion polymeric adsorbent and macroporous adsorptive resins. MTT assay and the inhibition effect to S180 solid tumor were used to detect anti-tumor activity of each separation.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>There are anti-tumor activities in the ethanol extraction, total alkaloids, and macroporous resin absorption in vivo and vitro. Minimum IC50 of Total alkaloids was 29.90 mg L(-1), and S180 solid tumor inhibition ratio of different dose of 25, 50, 100 mg kg(-1) were 38.10%, 50.60%, 60.71% respectively. Minimum IC50 of macroporous resin absorption was 98.56 mg L(-1), and S180 solid tumor inhibition ratio of different dose of 100, 200, 400 mg kg(-1) were 42.96%, 53.57%, 63.79% respectively. Water solubility position had no effect in vivo and vitro.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>T. hypoglaucum has fine anti-tumor activity in vivo and in vitro, and total alkaloids are the main part of anti-tumor active part.</p>