Resolving the lineage relationship between malignant cells and vascular cells in glioblastomas

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), a highly malignant and heterogeneous brain tumor, contains various types of tumor and non-tumor cells. Whether GBM cells can trans-differentiate into non-neural cell types, including mural cells or endothelial cells (ECs), to support tumor growth and invasion remains controversial. Here we generated two genetic GBM models de novo in immunocompetent mouse brains, mimicking essential pathological and molecular features of human GBMs. Lineage-tracing and transplantation studies demonstrated that, although blood vessels in GBM brains underwent drastic remodeling, evidence of trans-differentiation of GBM cells into vascular cells was barely detected. Intriguingly, GBM cells could promiscuously express markers for mural cells during gliomagenesis. Furthermore, single-cell RNA sequencing showed that patterns of copy number variations (CNVs) of mural cells and ECs were distinct from those of GBM cells, indicating discrete origins of GBM cells and vascular components. Importantly, single-cell CNV analysis of human GBM specimens also suggested that GBM cells and vascular cells are likely separate lineages. Rather than expansion owing to trans-differentiation, vascular cell expanded by proliferation during tumorigenesis. Therefore, cross-lineage trans-differentiation of GBM cells is very unlikely to occur during gliomagenesis. Our findings advance understanding of cell lineage dynamics during gliomagenesis, and have implications for targeted treatment of GBMs.

Relationship between screen time and gross motor development among preschool children / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To analyze the relationship between screen time and gross motor development and to provide scientific basis for health promotion among preschool children.@*Methods@#In March 2021, gross motor of 373 children from 5 kindergartens in Baotou was tested by Test of Gross Motor Development (TGMD). Screen time (ST) was collected by parental questionnaire. Paired t-test was used to compare the screen time between working days and weekends, and independent sample t-test was used to compare the differences of children s motor development between different sexes.@*Results@#ST of children was (52.10±31.67) min/d during the week and (65.79±10.36) min/d during the weekend. There were significant differences in the total scores of gross motor and mobile motor of children in different sexes( t=2.35, 2.65, P <0.05). The correlation between total screen time and gross motor, mobile motor and operant motor was statistically significant ( r =-0.22--0.20, P <0.01). Multiple linear regression showed that the time spent watching TV and the time spent using mobile phones during the week were the main factors affecting the gross motor development.@*Conclusion@#There is a significant negative correlation between children s screen time and gross motor development. It is important to reduce the time spent on TV and mobile phone to improve childhood gross motor development.

Blood coagulation function before and after peripheral blood stem cell mobilization and collection / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To study the changes of blood coagulation function of donors before and after peripheral blood stem cell(PBSC)mobilization and collection, so as to evaluate the safety of the current scheme. 【Methods】 30 donors who received PBSC mobilization and collection in Zhujiang Hospital from October 2018 to October 2020 were enrolled. After mobilization by G-CSF, the correlation between coagulation function, blood routine indexes and TEG indexes of donors was analyzed, and the influence of PBSC mobilization and collection on coagulation function of donors was evaluated. 【Results】 The TEG indexes R(min), K(min), α(°), MA(mm) and CI before and after PBSC collection were 6.12±1.18 vs 7.25±2.16, 1.98±0.41 vs 2.45±0.64, 62.82±4.98 vs 57.3±6.67, 60.93±3.26 vs 55.37±4.41, and -0.31±1.40 vs -2.32±2.18, respectively(P<0.05), suggesting that there was no risk of hypercoagulability after PBSC mobilization and collection. The peak values of WBC (×109/L), Plt (×109/L) and Hb (g/L) were 62.02, 357 and 162, respectively, which indicated that the blood routine indexes after PBSC mobilization and collection were in the safe range. After PBSC collection, the CI value of 26.7% (8/30) donors was less than -3, showing hypocoagulability. 【Conclusion】 The current mobilization and collection scheme of PBSC has little effect on the coagulation function. Most of the donors had no risk of hypercoagulability, but a few showed a trend of hypocoagulability after PBSC collection.

Review on platelet-rich plasma preparation and its quality evaluation / 中国输血杂志

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) currently has been widely used in various medical fields, such as tissue regeneration, wound healing, scar repair, skin and hair regeneration etc..PRP is rich in platelets, growth factors and other blood components, which can effectively promote tissue repair and healing. However, there is no optimal preparation method and unified standard of composition ratio for PRP, so its clinical application value has not been satisfactorily interpreted yet. In this paper, the preparation and quality standard of PRP were reviewed to provide basis for standardization of RPP in clinical application.

Influencing factors and timing prediction of hematopoietic stem cell collection in peripheral blood / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To explore the effects of blood routine parameters on the peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell collection of healthy donors, and predict collection timing based on these parameters. 【Methods】 The blood routine parameters pre-donation and the total number of mononuclear cells post-donation of 249 donors who applied blood cell separator to collect peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cells in our hospital from January 2018 to August 2020 were collected. Taking total nucleated cells of circulating blood per litre as the main evaluation index, and its collection with blood routine parameters pre-collection was analyzed. The relevant influencing factors were analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis. The blood routine parameters of healthy donors who donated peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cells in our hospital from September 2020 to October 2020 were substituted into the equation to obtain the predicted values, which were then compared with the actual values obtained from actual product using t test for verification. 【Results】 The analysis showed that the parameters of Hb, RBC, Hct, leukocyte count, neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte and Plt were statistically correlated with the total number of mononuclear cells of circulating blood per liter volume (P<0.05). There was a linear relationship between lymphocyte, monocyte, Plt and leukocyte count and the total number of mononuclear cells of circulating blood per liter. The total number of mononuclear cells of circulating blood per liter was set to (Y), and the variables such as lymphocyte (X1), monocyte (X2), Plt (X3), leukocyte count (X), and neutrophil were used as dependent variables for multiple linear regression, and the equation was: Y=9.814+ 3.131X1+ 1.666X2+ 0.020X3+ 0.124X4. There was no statistical difference between the predicted value and the calculated value (P>0.05). 【Conclusion】 The blood routine parameters of lymphocyte, monocyte, platelet count and leukocyte count of donors before collection can effectively predict the collection efficiency, therefore help predict the collection time.

Multivariate analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from children donors / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To analyze the characteristics of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) collection in healthy children, and explore the factors affecting collection efficiency (CE). 【Methods】 The PBMC data, involving 70 episodes of apheresis from 42 children during January 2017 and June 2020 were retrospectively analyzed All children were collected in Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University. 【Results】 Multiple linear regression analysis showed that mononuclear cells (MNC) in donor collections from healthy children were positively correlated with anticoagulant dosage, lymphocyte count and monocyte count (P<0.05), meanwhile, negatively correlated with age and platelet count. The PBMC CE was negatively correlated with age, platelet count, and processed whole blood volume (P<0.05). CD34+ cells (×107 /kg)was negatively correlated with age, meanwhile, positively correlated with numbers of collection and processed whole blood volume(r=-0.79). No statistical differences in red blood cell count, platelet count, lymphocyte count, monocyte count of healthy child donors were notable before versus after apheresis. 【Conclusion】 MNC can be collected effectively in children of different ages. The PBMC collection efficiency was related to age. Meanwhile, the higher the lymphocytes and monocytes were before apheresis, the more MNC were collected. The efficiency of MNC collection would decrease when the apheresis volume of the children exceeded their total blood volume twice. However, the absolute value of CD34+ cells in the final yields would increase.

Ethical Principles in Medical Sci-tech Journal Editing Work / 中国医学伦理学

This paper discussed the ethical principles in the medical sci-tech journal editing work, namely, respect, fairness, equality, honesty, and combining with the particularity of medical journals, further discussed these principles during choosing manuscripts, inviting manuscripts, peer review, rejection, and so forth. This pa-per proposed that medical journal editors should adhere to in the work of ethical principles, and constantly improve their ethics quality.

Diffuse Panbronchiolitis - a Clinical Report of 24 Cases / 中国医师杂志

1:64 positive ratio was 87 5%,and 91 3% in partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO 2)