RESUMO
This study aimed to determine the cause of Yabis attribution in the heart by estimating the ash value of three vital organs, such as heart, brain, and liver, of three species, chicken, goat, and buffalo. Creatures are composed of Arkan Arba'a in varied proportions, qualitatively and quantitatively most suitable for accomplishing their functions. Philosophers have described the structural and functional variabilities of species in terms of the Mizaj, which relates to its possible dominant Rukn. The Mizaj of human beings is described as the reflection of the Mizaj of their heart and the organs connected to it. The Mizaj of heart is attributed as Harr-Yabis
Twenty-seven samples of vital organs of three species, each obtained from market, were subjected to total ash value determination. The procedure was followed in accordance with the International Standard, ISO 936:1998[E]
The mean ash value of the chicken's heart, brain, and liver was 5.18%, 7.62%, and 6.56%, respectively. The mean ash value of the goat's heart, brain, and liver was 2.53%, 11.18% and 4.24%, respectively. The mean ash value in the buffalo's heart, brain, and liver was 5.32%, 8.74%, and 6.56%, respectively
Interpretation and Conclusion: Yubusat is required for hardness, stiffness, and durability to stay active and dynamic. Compared with the brain and liver, the heart's rigid nature, consistent action, and resemblance with the coniferous shape of Rukn Nar indicates the presence of Yubusat Nariyya. In this study, the least mean total ash value of the heart among all the three species implies the least presence of Ajza' Ardiyya, thus validating the presence of Yubusat Nariyya in it. Therefore, the heart's structure and function are in accordance with its Hararat and Yubusat Nariyya
RESUMO
The present study was designed to discuss many important points related to Sharbat with different types of drugs [juicy fruits, dried sour fruits, dried sweet fruits, dry herbal drugs, mucilaginous drugs, drugs having volatile constituents, and so forth]. It also aimed to extensively discuss the drug and water ratio and drug and sugar ratio to prepare Sharbat, which is mentioned in different reference books of Unani system of medicine [USM]. USM includes many safe and effective single drugs as well as compound formulations of herbal, animal, and mineral origin, which are used to cure a wide range of diseases. Unani compound preparations are commonly used in four forms: solid [Hab, Qurs, Safoof, Kushta, and so forth]; semisolid [Majoon, Laooq, Marham/Zamad, and so forth]; liquid [Sharbat, Sheera, Rooh, Tila, and so forth]; and gaseous [Bakhoor, Inkabab, and so forth]. Sharbat is an important dosage form used from ancient times. It is mostly used for the respiratory, urinary, digestive, and cardiovascular systems of the body
RESUMO
Critical analysis of Kushta- e-Sadaf prepared by two different methods viz classical [KSCM] and modern furnace [KSFM] methods is presented in this review article. The classical method was adopted as described in National Formulary of Unani Medicine [NFUM]. Results of samples were comparatively assessed for organoleptic characters [Appearance, colour, smell and taste] which were similar in nature. Likewise, there was no difference in the preliminary tests including metallic luster, finger thumb test, still water test and wall stick test. In the results of solubility test, the Kushta-e-Sadaf classical method [KSCM] sample was comparatively more soluble in nature. In accordance to WHO/FAO guidelines the calcium was slightly less in KSCM sample while, iron and copper, were under permissible limits in both samples. However, bromide was comparatively higher in the Kushta-e-Sadaf furnace method [KCFM]. The levels of heavy metals in both methods were below the permissible limits. However, a level of lead in KSFM was slightly on higher side. It is concluded on the basis of this review that the preparation of Kushta-e-Sadaf by classical method is safe, cheaper and comparatively better than furnace method in which a tilde 23% loss after ingnition was also evident