RESUMO
Background: Diabetic Pregnant women with hypothyroidism are associated with adverse obstetric outcome with various maternal and fetal complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate hypothyroidism in diabetic pregnancy and its effect on maternal and fetal outcome. Material & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Women & Children Hospital, NHN, Uttara, Dhaka, Bangladesh, during the period from 13th February 2020 to 9th December 2021. Total 120 pregnant women with diabetes were included in this study. All patients were divided into two groups which include- Group A: 60 pregnant women with diabetes and Group B: 60 pregnant women with diabetes and hypothyroidism. Results: Mean age was 29.3 years (SD±4.9 years) in group A and 29.9 years (SD±6.1 years) in group B. Mean TSH was 2.2 ?IU/ml (SD±1.7 ?IU/ml) and in group A and 4.4 ?IU/ml (SD±3.0 ?IU/ml) in group B. Mean TSH was higher in group B than group A with statistically significantly difference (p< 0.0001). Most of the pregnant women had lower uterine cesarean section in both group A (51.7%) and in group B (68.3%) with statistically significant difference (p=0.0409) between the groups. The commonest maternal complication was fetal distress in both group A (13.3%) and in group B (16.7%). Most of the neonates had normal weight in both group A (83.3%) and group B (78.3%). Majority of the neonates had normal Apgar score in one minute in both group A (50%) and group B (58.3%). The Apgar score in 5 minutes was also normal in most of the neonates of both group A (71.7%) and group B (78.3%). The neonatal mortality rate in group B was 1.7%. The commonest fetal complication was low birth weight in both group A (16.7%) and in group B (21.7%). There was no statistically significant (>0.05) difference among both groups in neonate’s outcome. Conclusion: Fetal distress and preeclampsia are most common complication in diabetic pregnant women with hypothyroidism. For neonates, low birth weight, hypothyroidism and respiratory distress are commonly seen. There is higher death rate of neonates in diabetic pregnant women with hypothyroidism. Majority of the pregnant women needed lower uterine cesarean section for the complications.
RESUMO
This attempt is made to address the phytoconstituents, free radical scavenging activity and brine shrimp lethality bioassay of five different extracts of Asparagus racemosus roots. Preliminary phytochemical examination of the crude extracts of Asparagus racemosus root disclosed the existence of different sort of chemical groups such as flavonoids, tannin, saponin, alkaloids, carbohydrate. The root displayed significant DPPH free radical scavenging activity with highest IC50 value showed by ethanol extract with a value of 78.15 μg/ml followed by methanol and petroleum ether having value of 106.44 μg/ml and 273.31 μg/ml respectively as opposed to that of the scavenging effects of ascorbic acid and BHT of 5.698 μg/ml and 8.816 μg/ml respectively. The highest reducing power was showed by ethanol extract followed by methanol and petroleum ether as opposed to that of the reducing potential of ascorbic acid and BHT. The fractions represented good cupric reducing capacity with increasing concentration taking ethanol extract in the top position. The ethanol extract yielded 108.78±2.77 mg/gm gallic acid equivalent phenolic content and methanol sub-fraction yielded 164.77±1.73 mg/gm quercetin equivalent flavonoid content that was highest among five extracts. Ethanol extract of Asparagus racemosus was found to possess the highest total antioxidant capacity (639.925±64.78) mg/gm followed by methanol (616.92±53.88) mg/gm and petroleum ether (469.17±52.95) mg/gm ascorbic acid equivalent respectively. In brine shrimp lethality bioassay, LC50 values for ethanol, methanol, petroleum ether, n-hexane and chloroform were found to be 0.674 μg/ml, 0.719 μg/ml, 0.984 μg/ml, 2.157μg/ml and 1.514 μg/ml respectively. N-hexane and chloroform extract showed least activity in all the measures. The results suggest that Asparagus racemosus is a valuable source of antioxidant and has significant cytotoxic activity hence could eliminate many diseases related to free radical.