Endodontic treatment of a mandibular first molar with 8 canals: a case report

Presented here is a case where 8 canals were located in a mandibular first molar. A patient with continuing pain in mandibular left first molar even after completion of biomechanical preparation was referred by a dentist. Following basic laws of the pulp chamber floor anatomy, 8 canals were located in three steps with 4 canals in each root. In both of the roots, 4 separate canals commenced which joined into two canals and exited as two separate foramina. At 6 mon follow-up visit, the tooth was found to be asymptomatic and revealed normal radiographic periapical area. The case stresses on the fact that understanding the laws of pulp chamber anatomy and complying with them while attempting to locate additional canals can prevent missing canals.

Dilemmas pertaining to three canals in the mesiobuccal root of a maxillary second molar: a case report

The mesiobuccal root of the maxillary molars is well known to pose a hindrance during endodontic therapy. Presented here is a case of a maxillary left second molar where three canals were located in its mesiobuccal root with the use of visual and diagnostic aids. Difficulties encountered during the process of unveiling the tooth's internal anatomy were discussed. The dilemmas encountered pertained to the root canal configuration, the nomenclature of the extra canals, and the justification for the presence of a third canal. The root canal configuration of 3-2-1 was confirmed for the mesiobuccal root using information gained from clinical, radiographic, and multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT) scan findings. This case demonstrates the need for efforts to locate extra canals in the mesiobuccal root of the maxillary molars as their internal anatomy remains a mystery.

Mandibular lateral incisor with four root canals: A unique case of double tooth diagnosed using multidetector computed tomography

Double tooth is a dental anomaly consequent to fusion of two or more teeth or gemination of a single tooth. This report describes a unique case of double tooth in relation to a mandibular lateral incisor exhibiting the presence of four root canals. The role of conventional radiography and advanced three-dimensional imaging techniques in the better assessment of complex root canal systems and their aid in endodontic management has also been highlighted.

In vitro scanning electron microscopic study on the effect of doxycycline and vancomycin on enterococcal induced biofilm

Enterococcus [E] faecalis bacteria adhere to dentine of teeth root canals to form the biofilm. E. faecalis has been shown to be resistant to antibiotics. This in vitro study aimed to investigate the efficacy of vancomycin and doxycycline in inhibiting E. faecalis biofilm formation. A total of 60 extracted human teeth were incubated with E. faecalis [ATCC 35550 strain] for 45 days to allow biofilm formation. The teeth were equally divided into six groups [n=10]: 1] positive control, 2] negative control, 3] doxycycline alone 4] doxycycline with filing, 5] vancomycin alone, 6] vancomycin with filing. The relevant canals were irrigated with 4|tig/mL of either vancomycin or doxycycline antibiotic. Teeth were processed for scanning electron microscopy [SEM]. Areas of biofilm remaining in the canals after antibiotic treatment were measured with Scion image analysis software using the SEM images. Vancomycin is more effective in reducing the overall biofilm area compared with doxycycline; moreover filing after antibiotic administration increased this effect. We can conclude that vancomycin had greater efficacy than doxycycline for inhibiting and reducing E. faecalis biofilms growth in root canals. However, it failed to completely eliminate biofilm formation

interdisciplinary approach for restoring function and esthetics in a patient with amelogenesis imperfecta: a case report

Amelogenesis Imperfecta has been defined as a group of hereditary enamel defects not associated with evidence of systemic disease. Restoration for patients with this condition should be oriented toward the functional and aesthetic rehabilitation. The importance of treating the Amelogenesis Imperfecta patient is not only important from a functional standpoint, but also from a psychosocial health standpoint. The complexity of the management of patients with Amelogenesis Imperfecta requires careful considerations of patient expectations for a successful outcome of the treatment. The purpose of this case report is to present the aesthetic and functional rehabilitation of the teeth with an overall enhancement of personality of a 24-year-old patient with Amelogenesis Imperfect