RESUMO
ObjectiveTo investigate the late diagnosis of HIV infection and associated factors in Jiading District between 1998 and 2022， and to provide the information for the development of AIDS prevention and control strategy. MethodsInformation of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Jiading District between 1998 and 2022 were obtained from the National Information System for Comprehensive AIDS Prevention and Control. Logistic regression was used to explore the associated factors of late diagnosis of HIV infection. ResultsIn total， 809 HIV/AIDS cases was newly reported， 324 of which were late diagnosis with the overall rate of late diagnosis of 40.1%. Despite an increased tendency from 2016 to 2018， the rate of late diagnosis showed a downward trend from 1998 to 2015. The late diagnosis rate was 29.5% in 2015. From 2016 to 2022， the average rate was 34.9%. The average age of cases with a late diagnosis was 44.8±14.6 years old. Age groups over 50 had the highest risk，at 57.7%， accounting for 35.8% of all cases of late diagnosis. All age groups older than 30（OR=1.37‒3.50） had a higher rate of late diagnosis than the group between age 21 and 30. In comparison to patients at VCT clinic， the rate of late diagnosis among sexually transmitted disease （STD） outpatients （OR=2.23， 95%CI：1.42‒3.49） and other clinical patients （OR=2.75， 95%CI：1.88‒4.01） was higher. ConclusionThe late diagnosis rate of HIV infection is relatively high in Jiading District. AIDS education and prevention activities should be strengthened among people aged over 50 years. For early detection of HIV infection， VCT clinic platform’s function should be fully utilized. Medical institutions should pay attention to HIV testing in patients.
RESUMO
Objective To study the characteristics and follow-up results of 94 people with indeterminate Western blot (WB) results of HIV antibody. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the characteristics and outcome of 94 patients with indeterminate WB results of HIV antibody from AIDS confirmation laboratories in Jiading District from 2016 to 2019. Results The 94 subjects came mainly from clinical diagnostic tests, accounting for 68.09% of the total, followed by counseling tests and maternal examinations, accounting for 12.77% and 10.64%，respectively. Follow-up testing was performed on 48 patients with indeterminate HIV antibodies, with a follow-up detection rate of 51.06%. Among them, 25.00% turned positive during the follow-up, and 39.58% turned negative. There was no significant difference in the follow-up rate between different population groups and WB band-types. The positive conversion rate of counseling test samples was the highest, accounting for 55.56% of all positive conversion cases. There was a total of 14 WB band types, mainly in p24, gpl60 and p24pl60, accounting for 54.26%, 17.02% and 9.57%, respectively. There was a significant difference in the positive conversion rate of antibodies with different patterns of WB bands. The positive conversion rate of WB band type gp160gp41p24 was 100%, while the positive rate of gp160p24, gp160, and p24 was 66.67%, 37.5% and 11.54%, respectively. Conclusion The samples with indeterminate WB results of HIV antibody were mainly from medical institutions, and the follow-up retest rate was low. Follow-up tests of specific populations and samples with specific patterns of WB bands should be strengthened to confirm HIV infection status as soon as possible.