The impact of botulinum toxin on the anxiety and depression in patients with hemifacial spasm and blepharospasm / 中国神经精神疾病杂志

Objective To explore anxiety and depression status in patients with hemifacial spasm (HFS) and benign essential blepharospasm (BEB), and the change after botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) therapy. Methods Ninety idiopathic HFS patients and 90 BEB patients. The anxiety and depression statud was evaluated by using SAS and SDS before and after the injection of BTX-A. Results Before treatment, the SAS and SDS standard scores of the HFS patients were 41.25 ±6.35and 42.25 ±7.57, respectively. The SAS scores were 40.17 ± 8.36 in the male and 43.56 ± 6.10in female(P=0.031). The SDS scores were 40.25 ± 6.46 in the male and 45.48 ± 7.31 in the female(P=0.008). After treatment, the SAS and SDS standard scores were 30.12 ± 4.35(P=0.000)and 30.58 ± 4.89(P=0.000)respectively. There was significant difference inbetween before and after treatment. In BEB patients, before treatment, The SAS standard scores were 58.90±10.61, 58.78±9.89. The SAS of the male and female patients scored 56.45 ± 8.75, 60.89 ± 9.11 (P=0.017), The SDS of the male and female patients scored 57.90 ± 7.93, 60.12 ± 8.35 (P=0.011)respectively. After treatment, the SAS standard score were 38.17 ± 3.67 (P=0.000), and the SDS standard score were 38.12 ± 4.15 (P=0.001)respectively. these two scores were significantly different between before and after treatment. Conclusion HFS and BEB patients, especially female patients are associated with anxiety and depression. BTX-A can improve the symptoms of anxiety and depression.

LRIG1 Enhances Chemosensitivity by Modulating BCL-2 Expression and Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Signaling in Glioma Cells

PURPOSE: Leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin-like domains 1 (LRIG1) are an inhibitor of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) that was discovered in recent years, and many studies showed that LRIG1 is a tumor suppressor gene and may be related to tumor drug resistance. In this study, we explored whether LRIG1 protein expression can improve the chemosensitivity of glioma cells and what was its mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We collected 93 cases of glioma tissues and detected the expression of LRIG1 and BCL-2. We constructed a multidrug resistance cell line U251/multidrug resistance (MDR) and examined the change of LRIG1 and BCL-2 at mRNA and protein expression levels. LRIG1 expression was upregulated in U251/MDR cells and we detected the change of multidrug resistance. Meanwhile, we changed the expression of LRIG1 and BCL-2 and explored the relationship between LRIG1 and BCL-2. Finally, we also explored the relationship between LRIG1 and RTKs. RESULTS: LRIG1 was negatively correlated with BCL-2 expression in glioma tissue and U251/MDR cells, and upregulation of LRIG1 can enhance chemosensitivity and inhibit BCL-2 expression. Furthermore, LRIG1 was negatively correlated with RTKs in U251/MDR cells. CONCLUSION: These results demonstrated that LRIG1 can improve chemosensitivity by modulating BCL-2 expression and RTK signaling in glioma cells.

Clinical features and removal strategies of intracranial foreign bodies / 中华创伤杂志

Objective To investigate clinical features,diagnosis,clearance strategies and prognosis of intracranial foreign bodies.Methods Twenty patients with intracranial foreign bodies were analyzed retrospectively,together with review of the related literatures.Results Twenty patients underwent craniotomy for intracranial foreign body removal under guidance of preoperative CT and X-ray localizations and intraoperative C-arm X-ray machine and ultrasound localizations.A total of 35 foreign bodies were removed.One patient underwent second surgical resection after the incomplete removal due to displacement of intracranial foreign bodies.According to Glasgow outcome score (GOS) at discharge,the outcomes were good (GOS =4-5 points) in 16 patients,poor (GOS =2-3 points) in three and death (GOS =1 point) in one.Conclusions CT and X-ray locations before surgery and C-ann X-ray machine and ultrasound locations in operation avail the removal of foreign bodies by craniotomy.In the meantime,prognosis is satisfactory.