RESUMO
Objective: To discover the frequency and presence of multiple antimicrobial resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa [P.aeruginosa] in patients with Post tuberculosis bronchiectasis in Baluchistan
Design: A prospective descriptive study
Place and duration: this study was done in Pulmonology and tuberculosis outpatient department [OPD] of Fatimah Jinnah Chest Hospital and Rehan Hospital Quetta Pakistan from 1st October 2011 to 1st April 2012
Methodology: The samples were obtained from post tuberculosis patients [n=60, Age = 40+ years] suspected of bronchiectasis who were subjected to spirometry test, Mueller Hinton sensitivity testing, oxidase test and disk-diffusion method to find out frequency and multiple drug resistance of P. aeruginosa
Results: Our results confirmed the association of chronic P. aeruginosa infection with poor lung function. It is not clear whether P. aeruginosa caused the accelerated decline in lung function or it was just a marker of those whose lung function was already declining rapidly. The antibiotic susceptibility testing confirmed the presence of resistant strains of the P. aeruginosa most of which were mucoid strains. It proved that a single antibiotic therapy is not a good treatment for patients with P. aeruginosa infection in airways
Conclusion: Bronchiectasis is more frequently encountered in middle-aged and elderly persons and resistant strains of P. aeruginosa are highly prevalent in these patients
RESUMO
To study the health impacts of coal mining on coal miners in Baluchistan. The data on coal miners was collected from May 2008 to April 2009. Two types of data were collected. Primary data was obtained through topographic survey and questionnaire while Secondary data about the health issues, medical facilities and other allied facilities of coal mine workers of Baluchistan were collected from; Mine and Mineral department of Quetta, hospitals and medicals facilities in coal mine fields. Three mine fields i.e. Mach, So-range-Degari, and Chamalong coal fields were selected and further subdivided as Ml,M2,andM3 at Mach coal field, SD1, SD2 and SD3 at So-range-Degari and Cl, C2 and C3 at Chamalong coal field. The average emission of Methane [CH[4]], Carbon monoxide [CO], and Oxygen [O[2] in coal mine fields was 11.8m[3] / ton, 36ppm and 14% respectively which, exceeded the permissible limits of l-10m[3], 30ppm and 18%. The concentration of coal dust [Carbon and Quartz] was 4-5mg/m[3] and 0.35mg/m[3] respectively as against the threshold limits of 2mg/m[3] and 0.05-0.1 mg/m[3] for 8 hours daily and 40 hours/week. Due to high concentration of coal dust the miners experienced headache, irritation in throat, nose and eyes, drowsiness, shortness of breath, nausea, pneumoconiosis, tuberculosis, chronic obstructive bronchitis, heart problems, and other respiratory illnesses. The coal water and slurry was disposed off in an unconfined area causing contamination of drinking water leading to symptoms of indigestion and diarrhea to the miners. Government of Baluchistan and coal mine owners should take concrete steps to improve the adverse health impacts of coal miners