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Healthcare-associated pneumonia (HAP) is a key factor affecting the clinical prognosis of critically ill patients undergoing long-term mechanical ventilation.In the past, ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) was an important mean of monitoring complications of ventilator-associated infection, but it is highly controversial because of its high subjectivity, low specificity and poor sensitivity.Therefore, the definition of ventilator-associated event (VAE) was proposed by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of USA in 2013, the monitoring definition adopts objective and quantitative criteria, which can better predict the clinical outcomes of patients.This paper summarizes the research progress of VAE in recent years, and provides some new ideas for better prevention and control of VAE.
RESUMO
Objective To explore the protective effects of glycyrrhetic acid derivatives (TY501) on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis in mice. Methods The mice liver fibrosis was established by classical CCl4, and TY501 was given in three kinds of dosage (45, 15, and 5 mg/kg), with colchicine serving as control. After 30 d treatment, the liver function, fibrosis and the levels of Hyp and TGF-β1 were detected. Moreover, the histopathological changes were detected by HE and Masson staining. Results Compared with model group, the levels of ALT, AST, ALP, ALB, HA, LN, PCIII, CIV, Hyp, and TGF-β1 were all decreased, with high-dose group being the most significant (P < 0.05, 0.01). Histopathological examination showed that liver fibrosis of those mice treated with TY501 was improved to some extent. Conclusion TY501 can significantly protect carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic fibrosis.