Investigation and Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndromes with 144 Cases of COVID-19 Patients in Anhui Province / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To analyze the general situation and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome characteristics in patients with coronavirus disease-2019（COVID-19） in Anhui province, and to provide a basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Method:The 144 cases of COVID-19 patients in Anhui province were collected from designated hospitals by means of multi-center cross-sectional epidemiological survey. The TCM syndrome information collection table of patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia was created to collect the general data, etiology and pathogenesis, pulse and signs, syndrome type and frequency statistics of the patients, and then summarize and analyze the main symptoms and syndrome distribution characteristics of patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia. Result:The mean age of 144 patients with COVID-19 infection was （43.54±15.91） years old, and the number of males was larger than the number of females (9/7). The age distribution and gender difference of the patients were statistically significant (P<0.05). 36.11%（52/144） of the patients had a history of travel/residence in Wuhan/Hubei province, and 63.89% (92/144) of the patients had a history of close contact with the confirmed patients. The main clinical manifestations included fever, cough, diarrhea, fatigue and poor tolerance. Light red tongue and red tongue were dominant in tongue quality, with mainly greasy coating, slippery pulse, rapid pulse and soft pulse were the main types of pulse. The main types of syndrome differentiation were the common type (76.38%, 110/144), most of which were demonstrated as dampness obstructing the lung and spleen (56.25%, 81/144). There was no significant difference in gender composition and age distribution between two groups. Conclusion:The pathogenesis of COVID-19 patients in Anhui province is closely related to the lung and spleen, and the dampness caused by pathogen of the epidemic virus is the main pathological factor of disease, which is in line with characteristics of dampness epidemic in TCM, also can see concurrently "heat, poison, stasis" for a characteristic.

Volume quantification of normal brain tissues based on the magnetic resonance T1 images / 解剖学报

Objective: By manual and automatic segmentation, the total volume, cerebrospinal fluid volume and white matter volume of normal human brain were obtained, and the differences between different genders and the patterns of changes with age were analyzed. At the same time, we give the software and parameters that can get better result. Methods: The rough brain mask was obtained by software automatic segmentation and it would be refined manually. Then the brain masks would be divided into gray matter, white matter and cerebrospinal fluid by FSL-FAST, and finally statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 25.0 software. Results: The total brain volume of normal Chinese adults was about 1263.24 ml, and the total brain volume of males (1313.84 ml) was lager than the total volume of female brain (1173.11 ml). The difference was statistically significant. There were significant differences in total volume, gray matter, white matter and cerebrospinal fluid volume among different age groups. And there was no correlation between the age and the ratio of gray matter white matter. The total brain volume, gray matter, and white matter volume of males were larger than those of females, and as the age increases, the decline trend of these three sets of data is similar. The changes of total brain volume, gray matter volume and white matter volume with age were also similar in females. They reached their maximum at about 50 years of age, and then the volume gradually decreased. Conclusion: The study on the changes of brain volume and the volume of gray matter, white matter and cerebrospinal fluid with age in different sexes can be used as a basis for identifying the changes of brain volume caused by diseases or the age.

The influence of familial factors on post rabies exposure vaccination in rural habitants / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To understand the current situation of potential exposure to rabies among the rural habitants in Hunan province,and to study the impact related to familial factors on post rabies exposure vaccination.Methods In total,40 villages from 20 townships of 4 counties were selected by multistage sampling method.Study samples were selected from these villagers and familial basic information and vaccination post rabies exposures were recorded through questionnaires.Data were statistically analyzed by SPSS 17.0.Results Among 3042 villagers from 864 households being surveyed,124 person-time exposures were found from January,2009 to October,2010,with a total exposure rate as 4.08％,and the annual average exposure rate as 2.33％.Data from univariante analysis showed that the rates on post rabies exposure vaccination were statistically correlated with the following four factors:knowledge on the score of rabies prevention (x2 =8.260,P =0.042),whether being involved in the new type of rural cooperative medical care (P =0.035),family disposable cash income in the year of 2009 (x2 =10.831,P =0.031),distance between the households and the health facilities in towns and townships (x2 =9.071,P=0.033).Results from logistic regression analysis indicated that the score of knowledge on rabies prevention (OR=1.420,95％CI:1.055-1.905) and the annual disposable cash income of the family in 2009 (OR=1.480,95％ CI:1.044-2.098) were independent factors that influencing the rabies vaccination.Conclusion Strengthening the education programs on rabies prevention in rural habitants and increasing family income were feasible way to increase the rate of rabies vaccination in rural areas of Hunan province.

Surveillance on the etiology and genetic characteristics of rabies in Hunan province, from 2008 to 2009 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To analyze the etiology of rabies in Hunan province and the genetic characteristics of rabies N gene isolated from 2008 to 2009.Methods Direct immunofluorescence assay (DFA) and nested PCR were employed to detect the monitoring samples including brain tissues of dogs and saliva,serum or urine which were collected in 2008 to 2009,from the rabies patients.Positive samples were sequenced by ABI3730 gene analyzer for the full length of the N gene target.The homology and hpylogeography of the rabies virus were analyzed after the phylogenetic tree was constructed by Blast,Clustal W and Mega 4.0 software.Results Of the 1451 tissue samples from the dogs' brain,31 were positive under DFA and the positive rate was 2.14％.The DFA positive samples were redeteeted by RT-PCR and the positive rate was 1.17％.56 samples of saliva,serum and urine samples were detected by RT-PCR from the rabies patients,with 3 positives and the positive rate was 5.36％.The length of nest PCR products were 255 bp.The rates of homology to the nucleotide and the amino acid of rabies N gene were 87.2％-87.9％ after compared to the pasture strain.The phylogenetic tree was successfully built and 20 strains isolated lately belonged to the rabies gene type Ⅰ.Conclusion The epidemic situation of human and dogs rabies in Human were relatively stable,with all the isolated rabies virus belonging to genotype Ⅰ,without any variation.

Dynamic Changes of Hydrogen Sulfide in Cortical Tissues of Neonatal Rats with Hypoxia-Ischemia Brain Damage / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To explore the dynamic changes of hydrogen sulfide(H2S)in the pathological course in cortical tissues at diffe-rent times of hypoxia-ischemia brain damage(HIBD).Methods Fifty-six healthy 7-day-old Sprague-Dawley newborn rats were randomly assigned into 7 groups(n=8):normal group,sham-operated group,HIBD 12 h group,HIBD 24 h group,HIBD 48 h group,HIBD 72 h group,and HIBD 7 d group.HIBD rat models were established by ligating the left common carotid artery,after 2-4 h,followed by exposuring to hypoxia(80 mL/L oxygen and 920 mL/L nitrogen)for 2 h.The achievement of HIBD model was determined by the change on behaviour of neonatal rats.There were no treatment on the normal group,and the left common carotid artery was only separated in the sham group.The left cortical tissues in the experimental group were removed at 12,24,48,72 h,and 7 d after HIBD.H2S amounts in cortical tissues at different times after HIBD were measured by biochemical methods.Results H2S level in cortical tissues in HIBD 12 h group increased significantly compared with sham-operated group(P

Reform and Practice for Experimental Teaching Model for Food Microiological Analysis / 微生物学通报

Teaching method for basal experiment, comprehensive experiment, design experiment and teach- ing practice in food microiological analysis were elaborated completely, and design experimental teaching was discussed stress. At the same time, Through introducing various experience of the design experiment teaching, resolvent and way of thinking against problem meeted in design experiment teaching were put forward.