RESUMO
Objective To understand the mental health status between left‐behind children and un‐left‐behind children during primary school period in Yongchuan district of Chongqing city ,and to provide the theoretical basis for the study of the left‐behind children children′s mental problems and formulating the strategy and measures for preventing their psychological problems .Methods The Mental Health Rate Scale for Pupil (M HRSP) was used to evaluate the mental health condition in 4 987 primary school pu‐pils from 4 primary schools in Yongcuan discrict ,including 3 482 un‐left‐behind children(69 .82% ) and 1 505 left‐behind children (30 .18% ) .Results Totally 4 753 effective questionnaires were taken back with the effective rate of 95 .31% .The detection rate of total score deviation in left‐behind children was 13 .98% ,which was significantly higher than in un‐left‐behind children(6 .33% ) . The deviation detection rate of learning disabilities in left‐behind children was 14 .90% ,emotional disorder was 16 .81% ,character flaw was 12 .36% ,social adjustment disorder was 13 .91% ,moral defect was 14 .27% ,bad habits was 15 .61% ,behavior disorder rate was 16 .53% and the special obstacles was 11 .72% .Compared with un‐left‐behind children ,excluding the character flaw ,social adjustment and moral defect ,the deviation detection rate and scores of other 5 items in left‐behind children were higher than those in un‐left‐behind children .The scores of learning disabilities ,emotional disorder and bad habits in male pupils were higher than those in female pupils with statistical difference(P< 0 .05) .The scores of learning disabilities ,emotional disorder ,character flaw and behavior disorder in the high grade pupils were higher than those in the low grade pupils ,the differences were statistically sig‐nificant(P<0 .05) .Conclusion The mental health level of rural left‐behind children in Yongchuan district is low ,the problems are more serious compared with un‐left‐behind children .In carrying out the mental health education work in primary school pupils ,es‐pecially the mental health education should be paid attention to rural left‐behind children ,moreover the mental health education should be carried out aiming at different ages and different genders .