RESUMO
Objective: To analyse the clinicopathological spectrum of synovial sarcoma cases presenting in our institution. Study Design: Descriptive case series. Place and Duration of study: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology [AFIP] Rawalpindi, from Jan 2010 to Jan 2015
Material and Methods: All cases of synovial sarcoma diagnosed on histopathological examination were recovered from the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology [AFIP] laboratory information management system. The inclusion criteria consisted of optimally processed Haematoxylin and Eosin stained slides. Positive immunohistochemistry for epithelial membrane antigen/cytokeratin and CD99. Both genders were included. Patients' gender, age, tumour size, site, histological subtype, grade, microscopic margin status, depth and stage were noted. The data were analysed using SPSS Version 21. Frequencies and percentages were calculated for qualitative data and the standard deviation and mean for quantitative data
Results: Sixty-seven cases of synovial sarcoma [SS] were included in this study. The mean age of the patients was 35.1 years, with males at 55.2%. The most common site was the lower extremity 41.8%. The average size was 8.5 cm. The most common stage was pT2b [64.2%]. Monophasic histological subtype was more common at 58.2%. Grade 2 tumours were 77.6%. Microscopic positive margins were 30.0%. Specimens that were fragmented or not oriented properly were 33.3%
Conclusion: The clinicopathological spectrum of synovial sarcoma in our institution is similar to that of other parts of the world. This study has highlighted that a significant proportion [33.3%] of resection specimens were fragmented or unmarked; therefore surgical margins could not be evaluated in these cases, increasing the chances of inadequate surgeries
RESUMO
Objective: To analyze the clinicopathological characteristics of triple negative breast cancer. Study Design: Descriptive case series. Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology [AFIP], from Jan 2014 to Dec 2014
Material and Methods: All cases of triple negative breast cancer diagnosed on histopathological examination followed by immunohistochemistry were retrieved from AFIP tumour registry. Patient's gender, age, tumour laterality, tumour size, histological tumour type, histologic grade, lymphovascular invasion, involvement of surgical margins and lymph node status were noted. The data were analyzed by using computer software program SPSS version 19. Descriptive statistics, frequencies and percentages were calculated
Results: A total of 35 cases of triple negative breast cancer were included in the study. The age at presentation ranged from 32-79 years with mean age of 50.9 +/- 11.7 years. Most of the patients were females [n=34, 97.1%], out of which 51.4% cases [n=18] belonged to premenopausal age group. Right sided breast tumours were more common [n=17, 54.8%]. The most common T stage at presentation was p T2 [n=20, 57.1%], while the mean tumour size was 5.2 +/- 2.2 cm. The most common histological type was invasive ductal carcinoma, NOS [n=32, 91.4%] while the commonest histological grade was Grade II [n=22, 67.7%]. Lymphovascular invasion was observed in 54.3% [n=19] of the cases while lymph node metastasis was seen in 74.1% [n=20] of the cases. Five cases [14.3%] had positive surgical margins
Conclusion: Triple negative breast cancer was more common in premenopausal females. Most common tumour type was invasive ductal carcinoma, NOS [Grade II] with a pT2 stage at presentation. Lymphovascular invasion and lymph node involvement was also seen in a large number of cases
RESUMO
Objective: To determine the frequency of expression of positive diagnostic marker alpha methylacyl-COA RACEMES [AMACR] in the examination of prostate needle biopsy specimens from patients of adenocarcinoma prostate from a subset of Pakistani population
Study design: Cross-sectional study
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Histopathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi from Apr 2015 to Oct 2015
Material and Methods: All specimens of adenocarcinoma prostate diagnosed at Armed forces institute of pathology on the basis of immunohistochemistry and routine histopathology irrespective of age of patient, histological type or grade of the tumor were analyzed. Mean and Standard deviation were calculated for quantitative variables like patient's age and frequencies along with percentages were calculated for qualitative variables like AMACR expression
Results: Out of the total 80 cases, 68 [85%] were positive for AMACR while 12 [15%] were negative. Among the cases that were negative 9 [11.3%] showed 1 +/- staining [Weak, non-circumferential] and 3 cases [3.8%] displayed 0 staining [No cytoplasmic staining]
Conclusion: Positive staining for AMACR can be used to support a diagnosis of cancer on prostate needle core biopsies when the focus in question is <1mm in maximum dimension. The results of AMACR expression in a subset of Pakistani population are comparable to the western studies. AMACR staining must be interpreted in the context of basic haematoxylin and eosin criteria for malignancy along with the results expansion of other supportive markers, such as a basal cell specific marker like p63 or 34betaE12