Assessment of Change in SOC of Parents Participating in the Treatment of Their Children Having Cleft Lip & Palate Anomalies

Cleft lip and palate (CLCP) is one of the most common birth defects. The birth of a child with a facial cleft is a tragic incident for the family that the child is born in. Not only is the family devastated by the apparent facial deformity, but also worried about several other issues such as care of the child, the treatment options, and the social impact that the cleft will have for the child and for the family. The purpose of the study was to assess the sense of coherence in parents participating in the treatment of their children with CLCP. Methods50 parents of children with CLCP were evaluated and a questionnaire study was carried out at time intervals of T0, T1 and T2. ResultsMost of the parameters were found to be statistically significant (P<0.05). Overall subjective results were found to be non-significant from T0 - T1. In our study, we found that undergoing orthodontic treatment had positive effects on the parents of patients with CLCP. It was observed that it altered the psychological, financial, emotional and social wellbeing of the parents. ConclusionsIt was concluded that orthodontic treatment should be aimed at both physical and psychological rehabilitation of cleft patients.

Establishment of Cephalometric Norms for UCLP Cases from Central India Population Falling Under Goslon 1 and 2 Based on Burstone Analysis.

This study was done as there is a need to evaluate separate hard and soft tissue parameters for UCLP as we cannot compare the deformity with normal. A study by Abhilasha Yadav has defined the Burstone norms for class I subjects in Central India as compared to Caucasians. The objective is to derive norms for UCLP itself as the pattern of growth and development of bone, muscle is not normal that can be compared with any population and needs to treated, based on specific norms.METHODS75 cases of UCLP from Central India, with an age range of 18-25 yrs. were selected for the study. The COGS analysis values for Central Indian UCLP cases (falling under GOSLON 1 and 2) was established and compared with class I Caucasians and class I Central Indian subjects. The cephalograms were traced, analysed and interpreted using the landmarks and values established in Burstone analysis (cephalometric analysis for orthognathic surgery). The mean, standard deviation and Z values were calculated to compare the values between three groups.RESULTSThe Central Indian UCLP cases demonstrated decreased anterior cranial base length, upper third height of face, decreased anteroposterior maxillary length, decreased upper and lower incisor height as well as molar height, retroclined upper anterior, significantly decreased facial convexity, nasolabial angle and reduced maxillary prognathism while mandible showed prognathism.CONCLUSIONSThe study reported significant differences in certain cephalometric parameters of UCLP cases from central India population with that of Caucasian and class I central Indian population. The results obtained for central India’s UCLP cases can be used as cephalometric norms for planning orthognathic surgery specifically for cleft cases.

Association between Genetic Polymorphism in Interferon Regulatory Factor 6 (IRF6) & Non-Syndromic Cleft Lip & Palate Cases in Central Indian Population.

Orofacial clefts can transpire either, as part of complex malformation syndromes, or as an isolated entity, also called non-syndromic cleft. Cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P), collectively termed oral clefts, are the second most commonly observed birth defects among newborns after congenital heart defects. We wanted to investigate the association between genetic polymorphism in Interferon Regulatory Factor 6 (IRF6) & non-syndromic cleft lip and palate (CL/P) cases in Central Indian population.METHODSIn this cross-sectional observational study, the sample comprised of Group 1: 66 individuals and 7 affected families with non-syndromic CL/P; and Group 2: 30 normal individuals and 10 normal families. 5 ml blood sample was collected from each individual following proper surgical protocol using disposable syringes, in blood tubes containing EDTA, with proper labelling and coding for further identification. DNA extraction was done by phenol chloroform extraction protocol and amplification was done using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Genotyping for the IRF6 polymorphism was completed by restriction digestion of PCR products, also called Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP).RESULTSThe correlative comparison between GG and GA polymorphism in IRF6 gene between affected cases and normal patients shows highly significant value. The comparison between GG & GA polymorphism shows that GG polymorphism is significantly higher in affected cases compared to Group 2. While GA polymorphism is significantly low or decreased in non-syndromic CL/P patients when compared to control group.CONCLUSIONSGG polymorphism is more frequently associated with non-syndromic CL/P as compared to GA polymorphism.

Surgical Orthodontic Correction of Class II Malocclusion with Vertical Maxillary Excess and Gummy Smile- A Case Report.

INTRODUCTION: Achieving functional efficiency, structural balance, and aestheticshasalways been a threefold objective of the correction of dentoskeletal malocclusions. Ortho surgical correction and dentofacial abnormalities has always aimed for facial proportions which are more pleasant and aesthetic alongside normal functional occlusion. One big cosmetic concern for patients and dentists is the Gummy smile, which is the excessive display of gingiva on a full smile.