Research progress on influencing factors of early adiposity rebound in children and the effect on adolescent development in girls / 中华预防医学杂志

With the increasing rate of overweight and obesity in children worldwide, adiposity rebound(AR)closely related to obesity has become the spotlight, and early AR phase has a broad impact on pubertal development in girls, but the specific mechanism of action isn't very clear.This paper is review of the prevalence of early AR at home and abroad, and its influencing factors, the impact of AR on the adolescent development of girls and related mechanisms, to identify high-risk individuals with early AR, early AR to identify early adolescent development, and take early intervention measures to promote children's health.

Causation between occupational prolonged standing time during progestation and pregnancy related complications / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To describe the epidemiological characteristics of profession related long-standing behavior during preconception and progestation,and to probe the relationship between prolonged standing jobs and the common pregnancy related complications among pregnant women,in Ma' anshan city,Anhui province.Methods In this cohort study,subjects who had their first antenatal examination at Ma' anshan Maternal and Child Care Centers were recruited under informed consent,from October 2008 to October 2010.All the information were collected through questionnaires in the first,second and third trimesters respectively.Three questionnaires were filled in by subjects under the guidance of healthcare takers.Results In the study,the 754 percentile of prolonged-standing times were 4.0 h/d and 3.0 h/d respectively in preconception and progestation.The characteristics of pregnant women with low social/economic status,prone to be involved in stand-long occupation.Results in logistic regression analysis,prolonged-standing jobs during preconception was the risk factor of pregnancy-induced hypertension and severe anemia.The adjusted odds ratios were 2.05 (95％CI:1.26-3.31) and 1.38 (95％CI:1.03-1.85) respectively.Conclusion Prolonged standing jobs appeared to be common occupational exposure to and risks of both pregnant woman and their fetus.Exposure to these kinds of jobs during preconception could increase the risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension and severe anemia.In order to promote maternal health programs,all the related occupational risk factors should be valued and avoided during preconception and pregnancy.

Relationship between folic acid supplements during peri-conceptional period and the adverse pregnancy outcomes: a cohort study / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To examine the association between folic acid supplements during peri-conception and the related adverse birth outcome.Methods Pregnant women who received first prenatal care at 4 municipal-level medical institutions in Maanshan,from Oct.2008 to Oct.2010 were selected as the target population.All participants were asked to complete a self-administered questionnaire which including data on demographic characteristics,interval,complications and frequency of taking folic acid etc.,during pregnancy.The follow-up-records after delivery would include factors as:fetal weight,height,circumference of head,chest circumference of the neonates.Finally,4448 valid questionnaires were gathered,including 190 premature,147 small for gestational age and 104 low birth weight babies.Descriptive statistics and logistic regression models were used for data analysis.Results Data showed that the weight,height and head circumference of the fetels at birth among pregnant women who had taken supplementary standard folic acid during peri-conception period or only during the first trimester,were all better than those pregnant women who had not taken the standard folic acid supplements.After adjustment for potential confounders as gestational weeks,maternal age,mather' s education level,results from the logistic regression showed that intake of standard folic acid supplements appeared a protective factor for those babies who were smaller than the gestational age (RR=0.45,95％ CI:0.24-0.86),at premature delivery (RR=0.52,95％ CI:0.32-0.87) or with low birth weight (RR=0.39,95％CI:0.19-0.80).However,data from this study showed that provision of folic acid supplements to the pre-pregnant or at first trimester alone did not make obvious impact on those babies as prematured,small for gestational age and at low birth weight.Conclusion Standardized provision of folic acid supplements during peri-conceptional period could improve the outcomes of birth.

A prospective study on the current status of repeated injuries and its risk factors in middle school and college students / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To examine the epidemiological features and relative risk factors of repeated injuries among middle, high and college students in Ma' anshan city of Anhui province. Methods A prospective study on repeated injuries for 1-year follow-up period was carried out among 1494 students from 3 middle schools or colleges. Risk factors for repeated injuries were analyzed with multivariate logistic regression model. Results 799 students suffered 1639 episodes of injuries, with an incidence rate of 53.48%. The repeated group consisted of 200 students who suffered 854 injuries, accounted for 52.10% among the total injuries. Results from Multi-normial logistic regression analysis showed that male, number of family members of 4 or over, extraversion of character trait, and upper quartile of self-rating anxiety symptoms were the risk factors for the occurrence of repeated injuries. Moderate or well-of family income, mothers with senior high school education, and upper quartile of self-rating depression symptoms were protective factors for repeated injuries. Conclusion Socio-demographic factors and emotional status may predict the occurrence of repeated injuries that called for further study.

Influence of retrospective time period on reliability of epidemiological survey to injuries / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To analyze the influence of different recall time periods on epidemiological survey of injuries among children and adolescents. Methods A study on injuries for 12 months follow-up period was actively surveyed among 4523 pupils selected by cluster sampling from 12 kindergartens, 1 elementary school, 1 junior high school, 1 senior high school and 1 college in Maanshan city in November, 2007 to November, 2008. Injury events were actively surveyed by school doctors or class health workers simultaneously. Participants were divided into three groups, the first group including self-reported injuries by 3-months interval, the second group with self-recalled injuries by 6-months interval and the third group with self-reported injuries in the past 12 months. Validity and reliability of injuries between surveillance injuries and retrospective injuries were compared. Results The overall rate of injury events was 74.2% and injury events and rate was higher in boys than that in girls (P<0.01) , In total, 6350 injury events were registered for the survey. Compare with surveillance findings, the injury rate declined 0.02% and the number of injuries had a 19 person/time reduction from the retrospective injuries by 3-months interval. The injury rate declined 0.02% and number of injuries reduced 58 person/times from the survey of retrospective injuries by 6-month interval. The rate of injuries declined 8.8% and frequencies had a 505 reduction from data of self-reported injuries in the past 12 months. The largest declines were found for the 3 to 6 year-old age group and for minor injuries. Conclusion The 12-month recall period on underestimate injury rates was compared to the 3-month recall periods and 6-month recall periods. Recall periods of 6 months were recommended to be used in injury survey in children and adolescents.