Enndobronchial Ultrasound-guided trans-Bronchial needle aspiration for the diagnosis of Granulomatous versus non Granulomatous lung diseases

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of Endo-bronchial ultrasound guided transbronchial needle Aspiration in patients with mediastinal lymphadenopathy and mass lesions especially in the context of granulomatous versus non granulomatous lung disorders

Study Design: Open label, unblended prospective observational cohort

Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pulmonology, Pak Emirates Military Hospital Rawalpindi, from July 2015 to Mar 2016

Patients and Methods: All patients presented during study periods with meditational lymphadenopathy or lesions in which the initial bronchoscopy did not reveal any diagnosis were included in the study. Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration was performed in the bronchoscopy suit under conscious sedation and local anesthesia. Rapid on site evaluation was available for most of the cases. The procedure was performed using an integrated fibreoptic bronchoscopy with 22G TBNA needle by an experienced Bronchoscopist. The data was analyzed by using SPSS version 21

Results: A total of 53 patients with mean age of 44 years underwent endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration for evaluation of meditational or hilar lesions between Jul 2015 to Apr 2016. There were 43 [81.1percent] male and 10 [18.8percent] female patients. A total of 108 Lymph nodes were sampled in 53 patients, rapid on site evaluation was available in 41 [77.3percent] patients. Adequate representative sample could be obtained in 45 of 53 [84.9percent] patients. The overall diagnosis were chronic granulomatous lesion in 27 [50.9percent] patients, squamous cell carcinoma in 10 [18.8percent], lymphoproliferative disorder in 2 [3.7percent], thymoma in 1 [1.3percent] and reactive hyperplasia in 5 [9.4percent] of cases. No major complication of the procedure was observed

Conclusion: End bronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration was found useful diagnostic modality for lymph nodes sampling in patients with lymphadenopathy and mass like lesions in mediastinum

Frequency of peptic ulcer disease in patients of dyspepsia an analysis of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy

To evaluate the frequency of peptic ulcer disease in patients of dyspepsia on upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Descriptive study. The study was conducted at Combined Military Hospital, Multan between 20th Feb, 2006 to 26th May, 2006. A convenient non probability sampling was done and one hundred patients were selected from out patient department presenting within six months of dyspeptic symptoms. They were all subjected to upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Of all patients 61% [n=61] were males and 39% [n=39] were females with age ranging between 20 - 45 years. Study revealed functional dyspepsia [76%], duodenal ulcer [11%], gastric ulcer [4%] and esophagitis including gastoesophageal reflux disease [9%]. This showed an overall frequency of peptic ulcer disease to be 15% in the studied population. Peptic ulcer disease is a common structural cause of dyspepsia and was responsible for 15% of dyspepsia