Effects of azithromycin on the formation of nontypeable haemophilus influenzae biofilm on endotracheal tubes / 重庆医学

Objective To observe the formation of biofilms on endotracheal tubes ,and to determine the effect of azithromycin on Haemophilus influenzae in biofilms .Methods One hundred and twenty Wistar rats were intubated with a silicone tube ,80 of them(40 rats were model group and 40 were medicine group) were infected by bacteria to establish the animal models of endotra-cheal tube infections the others were ues as control gruop .Formation of biofilms was detected by scanning electron microscope .Via-ble cells counting was carried out to evaluate the effect of azithromycin orally on biofilms on endotracheal tubes .Results Uneven biofilms were formed on the surface of endotracheal tubes ,and slim bodied of bacteria enclosed by a lot of extracellular matrix .Via-ble cells counting was reduced in medicine group compared with model group .Conclusion Haemophilus influenzae can form bio-films on endotracheal tubes .Azithromycin can exert inhibitory effect on haemophilus influenzae biofilms formed on endotracheal tubes .

Clinical manifestations and pathological characteristics of 1gA nephropathy with hyperuricemia / 中华风湿病学杂志

Objective To explore the effect of serum uric acid on the clinical manifestations,pathological characteristics and prognosis of IgA nephropathy.Methods Four hundred and fifty-six cases of primary IgA nephropathy confirmed by renal biopsy from Jan 2007 to Oct 2010 in the Ji'nan Military General Hospital were reviewed retrospectively.The clinical manifestations and pathological characteristics of all the patients were analyzed,x2-test and t-test were used for statistical analysis.Results There were 127 cases with hyperuricemia in 456 IgAN patients (27.9％).The mean age,percentage of male patients,number of patients with hypertension,the serum cholesterol and triglyceride level,body mass index (BMI),serum creatinine and 24 hour urine protein level in hyperuricemia group were significantly higher than those with normal serum uric acid (P＜0.01).The renal pathological changes,glomerular score (8.1 ±0.8 v 5.3t0.9 ),tubulointerstitial score (4.2±0.4 vs 2.7±0.4) and vasculopathy score ( 1.43±0.60 vs 0.76±0.29) in the hyperuricemia group were more severe than those with normal serum uric acid (P＜0.01).Conclusion High level of serum uric acid can affect IgA nephropathy significantly.It is effe-ctive to delay the kindey damage and progression of IgA nephropathy by decreasing the level of uric acid and control the clinical parameters listed above.

Exclusive gene mapping on a Chinese familial IgA nephropathy family / 中华肾脏病杂志

Objective To initially map the gene responsible for autosomal dominant familial IgA nephropathy of a Chinese family by exclusive the five loci that had been reported with linkage analysis.Methods The genetic pattern of the familial IgA nephropathy was identified and the genomic DNA was extracted from the blood samples collected from the family members.Short tandem repeat (STR) inside the loci that had been reported was selected,such as 2q36,3p23-24,4q26-31,6q22-23,17q12-22,and the data with two-point linkage analysis were performed.Results Autosomal dominant inheritance pattern was demonstrated in phenotypes of the family and there was no linkage relationship in the above five loci of chromosomes because the maximum two-point LOD score was 0.39 at D17S1868.Conclusion Following exclusion of the loci which had been reported,there are other new pathopoiesis loci of FIgAN and it reveals that FIgAN has the genetic heterogeneity according to initial result at the same time.

Long-term efficacy of calcitonin and bisphosphonates on renal osteopathy in maintenance hemodialysis patients / 中华肾脏病杂志

Objective To observe the efficacy of ealcitonin and bisphosphonates on renal osteopathy of maintenance hemodialysis (MHD)patients. Methods Forty-three MHD patients were raindomly divided into two groups: A group and B group. All the patients were routinely received oral calcium carbonate 1.0 g tid and calcitriol 0.25 μg qd. Calcitonin (20U) hypodermic injection was given three times a week additionally during hemodialysis in A group. Patients in B group received bisphosphonates 70 mg once a week based on the therapy of A group. Serum levels of intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH), calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase (AKP), bone mass density (BMD) of lumbar spine and femoral neck, and the degree of bone ache (visual analogue scale, VAS) were assessed before the therapy and 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment. The adverse reactions were recorded during treatment. Results The levels of AKP and iPTH in both two groups decreased significantly after treatment. The above values of pre-treatment and 12 months after treatment were as follows: AKP(U/L)of A group 244.05±41.99 and 148.35±27.71,of B group 245.60±40.86 and 143.40±28.03;PTH(ng/L) of A group 697.5±119.7 and 267.4±45.9,of B group 708.2±120.3 and 277.6±41.9 (all P<0.05). While the levels of calcium and phosphorus did not change obviously during treatment (P>0.05). BMD was not improved at 3, 6 mouths and became better at 12 mouths after treatment. As compared to pre-treatment, BMD of lumbar spine(g/cm2) in A group was 1.062±0.223 vs 1.202±0.251 ,in B group 1.033±0.152 vs 1.189±0.225; BMD of femoral neck (g/cm2)in A group was 0.993±0.108 vs 1.067±0.095,in B group 0.947±0.083 vs 1.018 ±0.217 (all P<0.05). The scores of VAS also decreased significantly at 3, 6, 12 months after treatment(P<0.05). No severe adverse reaction was found during the treatment. Conclusions Utilization of calcitonin and combination with bisphosphonates during bemodialysis can effectively preserve the BMD and prevent bone loss in MHD patients and is well tolerated. No significant difference of therapeutic effect is observed between using ealcitonin or combination with bisphosphonates.

Phenylephrine-induced excessive hypertrophy responses in cardiomyocytes from endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene knockout mice / 中国组织工程研究

AIM: The study aimed to observe the difference in hypertrophy responses in cardiomyocytes of cultured neonatal endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene knockout mice and wild mice by RNA quantitation detection and cell area estimation. METHODS: The experiment was performed at the Empirical Study Center of Medicine Department in Shunde Profession and Technique Institution in August 2007. ①Male or female C57BL/6 stock neonatal eNOS knockout mice and wild mice aged 1-3 days were selected. ②Cultivated Mouse cardiomyocytes were divided into experimental and control groups 72 hours later. Adrenergic receptor agonist phenylephrine was cultured with cardiomyocytes. DMEM of the same volume as the experimental group was added in the medium in the blank control group. ③DNA, RNA quantitation detection and cell area estimation methods was used to observe the responses contrast in cell proliferation and hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes in cultured neonatal eNOS gene knockout mice and wild mice. RESULTS: ①The oval or rhombus cardiomyocytes were observed 72 hours after phenylephrine incoporation under a microscope. ②RNA fluorescence value increased in cultured neonatal cadiomyocyte and collagenoblast in the experimental group compared to the control group (P