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· AIM:To compared the therapeutic effect of improved macular hole surgery to traditional macular hole surgery for idiopathic macular hole (IMH).· METHODS:From April 2014 to June 2017,28 eyes of 28 IMH patients who were treated in our hospital were selected consecutively and received surgical treatment independently performed by the same physician in our hospital.The patients were divided into A (traditional group) and B (improvement group) groups.All 13 cases in Group A were treated with traditional vitrectomy internal limiting membrane peeling and C3 F8 tamponade,while all 15 cases in Group B were treated with improved indocyanine green-assisted internal limiting membrane peeling combined with macular hole reconstruction and air tamponade.All patients were reviewed at 1wk,1,3,and 6mo after surgery.The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) before and after the operation,operation time,closure rate of the macular hole during the last review and prone time were compared between the two groups of patients.· RESULTS:There was no significant difference in closure rate between the two groups (P＞ 0.05).Postoperative BCVA increased in both groups compared with preoperatively and the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).But there was no significant difference on BCVA between the two groups both preoperatively and postoperatively (P ＞ 0.05).The operation time in Group B was significantly shorter than that in Group A (P＜0.05).Prone time in Group B was significantly shorter than that in Group A,the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.05).· CONCLUSION:This study shows that compared with the traditional group,the improved indocyanine green-assisted peeling of internal limiting membrane combined with macular hole reconstruction and air tamponade can achieve similarly high closure rates while the operation procedure was simplified and the operation time was shortened.Reduced number of instruments into and out of the incision can reduce the incidence of complications.The postoperative patient's prone time is significantly shortened,with high comfort and good compliance.
RESUMO
Objective To explore the effect of Astragalus polysaccharides (APS) on the function and quantity of islet β cells in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group, T2DM model group and APS treatment group, with 8 rats in each group. The T2DM rats in the T2DM model group was induced by the combination of high fat diet and streptozotocin, and the rats in the APS treatment group was treated with APS (700 mg·kg-1·d-1, content of APS being 70%). The rats were sacrificed after 8 weeks of drug intervention, and the serum samples were collected to measure fasting blood glucose (FBG), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and fasting insulin (FINS), and to calculate insulin secretion index (HOMA-β value). Pancreas tissues were extracted and stained with Hematoxylin-Eosin to observe the pancreatic histopathological characteristics, and the quantity of islet β cells was observed and calculated with immuno-histochemical method. Results (1) Compared with the normal control group, the rats in T2DM model group had significant increases in the FBG, TG and LDL-C, and significant decreases in the HDL-C, FINS and HOMA-β (P<0.05); compared with the T2DM model group, the rats in APS treatment group had significant decreases in the FBG, TG and LDL-C (P<0.05), and significant increases in the FINS and HOMA-β (P<0.05). (2) Compared with the normal control group, the rats in T2DM model group showed a significant atrophy of the islet accompanied by loss of granular and vacuolar degeneration, and the number of the islet β cells was significantly reduced (P<0.05); compared with the T2DM model group, the rats in APS treatment group showed a significant increase in the islet volume accompanied by improvement of islet degranulation and vacuolar degeneration, and had a significant increase in the number of islet β cells (P<0.05). Conclusion APS can improve the glucose and lipid metabolisms of the T2DM rats, which may be caused by increasing insulin secretion through the protective effect on pancreatic islet β cells.