RESUMO
Significant prevalence of vitamin B12 and folate deficiencies supported by biochemical evidence has been reported in the world. It was indicated that these biochemical evidences are associated with prevalence of anaemia in elderly. The major reasons of vitamin deficiencies, especially that of B-12, was reported to be inadequate dietary intake and, in the elderly, malabsorption of the vitamin from food. Vitamin deficiencies especially that of B-12 are usually diagnosed on the basis of serum or plasma vitamin concentrations. Due to dilemma of management and diagnoses of mal-nutrition and vitamin deficiencies in elderly population, the present study was undertaken to ascertain vitamin B12, folate and RBC folate status in selected middle aged and elderly male and female patients. A total of 132 patients [period March 2004 to November 2007], were selected according to gender and age. For males [n = 72]; age groups were 50-60, 61-70, 71-80 yrs and greater than 80 yrs and for females [n = 60]; age groups were 52-61, 62-69, 70-79 and greater than 80 yrs. The results clearly depicts that elderly patients in both gender between the age groups of 71 and greater than 80 had significantly low vitamin concentrations [p < 0.001] than the middle age groups of 61 to 70 [P < 0.01]. Correspondingly, their hemoglobin levels were also relates to the overall picture of either normal or low concentrations of vitamins in all groups. In males the lowest concentration of 3.5 ng/ml for folate, Vitamin B12 of 228 pg/ml and 168 ng/ml for RBC folate were observed in > 80 years group preceded by 6.2 ng/ml, 278 pg/ml and 170 ng/ml respectively, in 71 to 80 years group, whereas in females, the observations were 2.5 ng/ml for folate, 220 pg/ml for B12 and 110 ng/ml for RBC folate concentrations in > 80 years age group of patients. In conclusion few management strategies were suggested for therapy of vitamin deficient older patients
RESUMO
Background: Hyperlipoproteinaemia is a metabolic abnormal condition and is largely regulated by Apolipoproteins types and subtypes. Moreover, lipoprotein abnormalities contribute significantly to the risk of developing cardio vascular disease and diabetes. Additionally, abnormal glycemic state, lipid and lipoprotein abnormalities have also been shown to contribute in early atherosclerosis
Objectives: Our present study evaluates the status of apolipo-protein A and B in hyperlipidemic patients with both diabetic and non-diabetic conditions
Methods: Study period was May 2006 to Dec 2007. 63 patients of both gender [males = 36, females = 27] sub-grouped as n = 46 non-diabetic hyperlipidemic [NDHL] and n = 17 diabetic hyperlipidemic [DHL] patients were included in the study. All parameters were determined with standard methods on IVD instruments with recommended pathological and normal controls
Results: Total cholesterol and Apo B was noted to be significantly higher in DHL than NDHL patients. Moreover, levels of Apo B was higher than Apo A in both DHL and NDHL groups when compared with Healthy group. Elevated levels of triglyceride and total cholesterol in both DHL and NDHL groups depicts a strong hyperlipidemic state
Conclusion: Conclusion were drawn from present study that diabetes and hyperlipidemia are important risk factors, in addition to the fact that higher levels of Apo B and A and that of higher Apo B than Apo A are indicative of dyslipidemic state and thus significant parameters for assessing the prevailing conditions and extent of risk for developing coronary heart disease [CHD] and atherosclerosis
RESUMO
Background: It has been postulated that hyperlactatemia is not the only cause of acidosis in cardiac dysfunction and there are other factors such as un-measured anions also that significantly participate in its development
Aim: The present study is designed to determine different components of metabolic acidosis in cardiac dysfunctions and cardiac arrest patients in order to assess the degree to which lactate is responsible for the acidosis
Methods and Materials: Forty two patients with out-of-hospital cardiac dysfunctions and cardiac arrest, admitted to the hospital were included in present study. All arterial blood gases and plasma biochemical parameters were estimated by standard methods on automated analyzers. Modified [by Figge and colleagues] form of Stewart's quantitative biophysical methods including formula for apparent strong ion difference AEurooeSIDaAEuro and strong ionic gap AEurooeSIGAEuro were used to evaluate un-measured and measured ions
Results: The mean age of patients were 57.2 years and included 33 [78.6%] males and 9 [21.4%] females. Except for sodium, ionized calcium and SIDa, all variables were significantly different between the two groups. Patients with cardiac dysfunctions and arrest were also hyperkalemic, hypochloremic and hyperlactatemic. The anion gap and SIG were also higher in patients with cardiac arrest. Lactate was the strongest determinant of academia
Conclusion: It was concluded that lactate accounts for only less than 50% of the metabolic acidosis and consequent acidemia seen in such patients and that an increase in unmeasured anions and phosphate also accounts for major portion of acidemia