Resinifying therapy in endodontics. II--Histological and bacteriological evaluation.

This study was conducted on six rabbits, six rats and six human permanent teeth to evaluate histologically the effect of resin resorcinol in the periapical areas, the bacteriological aspect of the resin and the penetration of resin in the dentinal tubules. After 12 days period of observation plenty of lymphocytes and macrophages were evident along with granulomas which are suggestive of the tendency of the resin to stay longer. It was observed that the resin penetrate approximately three fourth distance inside the dentinal tubules. In the last phase the resin was found to be effective against the eight commonly found micro organisms. Though the histological results indicated that the periapical tissue would take longer time for complete repair, yet clinically the tooth functions well. Resinifying therapy is effective and economical method in root canal treatment.

Resinifying therapy in endodontics. A clinical and radiological evaluation.

Twenty one posterior teeth were selected at random from patients visiting outpatient Department of Punjab Govt. Dental College and Hospital, Amritsar. Out of twenty one treated teeth, seventeen had definite radiolucent area at periapex, three were non vital with no periapical radiolucent area and one tooth was vital with pulp exposure. All the teeth were treated with resinifying therapy. The treated teeth were examined after 3 months, 6 months and 9 months as regards pain on percussion, swelling and/or sinus formation. The teeth were radiographed on each follow up and the decrease/increase in radiolucency at the periapex were noted. Clinically all the treated teeth responded normal except for one which showed sinus formation after three months period of observation. This tooth was, however, retreated. Radiologically, the success rate after 9 months of observations was 84.1%. However, mean decrease in radiolucency was 2.1 mm after 3 months, 4.0 after 6 months and 5.8 after 9 months. Resinifying therapy is strongly advocated for posterior teeth with large periapical areas and also for vital teeth with pulp exposure where root canal therapy can be completed in single visit. Furthermore, the mechanism, indications and contraindication of this therapy are also discussed.

Study of root canals and their configuration in maxillary second permanent molar.

The present in-vitro study was undertaken to know root canals and their configuration (type, curvature, number of apical foramen etc) in maxillary second permanent molar. Separately, fifty teeth by radiographic method and by decalcification method were studied. Radiologically in mesiobuccal root, two root canals were found in 78% and 20% of the specimens in mesiodistal and buccolingual direction respectively. In the distobuccal root, 2 root canals were seen in 4% and 6% of the specimen in mesiodistal and buccolingual direction respectively. Two root canals also varied in both radiological as well as decalcification methods. It is concluded from the present study that mesiobuccal roots of maxillary second molar exhibited anatomical variations and aberrant findings in the root canals. More care should always be exercised to locate the extra canal in these roots.

Mandibular premolars: aberrations in pulp space morphology.

One hundred and twelve mandibular first premolars and ninety six mandibular second premolars were studied to evaluate morphological aberrations in their pulp spaces. Each tooth was radiographed from two direct ions viz. buccolingual and mesiodistal and was sectioned at three sites, cementoenamel junction, middle third and apical third. 29.5%, mandibular first premolar & 13.5% mandibular second premolar exhibited second root canal with 44.60% & 46.9% curvatures respectively. Oval shape of the canal was most prevalent at cervical third area while the canal became round at middle and apical third areas. Approximately 10% mandibular first premolar exhibited C-shaped canal, while this shape was not observed in mandibular second premolar. It is concluded from this study that the knowledge of possible aberrations always help dentist realize and manage the root canal system in a better way.

Overhanging interproximal silver amalgam restorations. Prevalence and side-effects.

This study was undertaken to find out the prevalence of overhanging Cl. II silver amalgam restorations amongst patients visiting Pb. Govt. Dental College and Hospital, Amritsar and Govt. Dental College Hospital, Patiala. Two parameters viz. the pocket depth and the extent of bone loss were evaluated to study the after effects of the overhanging restorations. The findings of this investigation showed the alarming prevalence of overhanging restorations (64.12%) and clearly indicate the relationship of overhangs with periodontal diseases. Periodontal breakdown was more evident along with overhanging restorations as compared to unrestored contralateral teeth. The mean pocket depth in restored surfaces was 3.75 mm as compared to 3.46 mm in unrestored ones, showing 8.38% increase. The mean extent of bone loss in restored tooth surface was 1.64 mm as compared to 1.50 mm in unrestored ones, showing an increase of 9.33%.

Evaluation of decalcified allogenic bone matrix grafts in and around root apices. A histological study.

Decalcified Allogenic Bone grafts were implanted in and around eighteen root apices after apicoectomy. The procedure was carried out on eighteen rabbits, dividing them into three groups of six rabbits each. The animals were sacrificed after 48-72 hours, 8-10 days & 8-10 weeks period of interval. Result of the present investigation reveal that DABM grafts stimulate osteogenesis and cementogenesis after the initial phase of inflammation. Tissues simulating bone and cementum appear at the apical end, speculating that the grafts would certainly result in physiological sealing of root apices. The possibility of saving the life of non vital teeth with or without wide apical foramen will enhance in future.

Efficacy of various eugenol and non-eugenol root canal sealers in the treatment of teeth with periapical radiolucent area--a clinical and radiological study.

A clinical and radiological study was conducted to compare the efficacy of various eugenol containing Viz. Zinc oxide eugenol, CRCS and Rosen's Cement and non eugenol containing sealers and N2 on forty eight non-vital anterior teeth, with a periapical radiolucent area of 1-7mm in diameter. The patients were recalled after 30,90,150 and 210 days On radiological examination after 210 days CRCS showed maximum decrease in periapical radiolucency from 4.39 mm. to 1.80mm. The teeth treated with N2 as root canal sealer showed minimum decrease in the periapical radiolucency from 3.0 mm. to 2.15mm. On clinical examination the results were 100% successful in both the eugenol and non-eugenol groups. The radiological findings indicate that the eugenol containing are better as compared to non-eugenol containing root canal sealer. Out of eugenol containing root canal sealers CRCS showed maximum decrease in radiolucency and from non-eugenol containing group N2.