Hipertensão arterial e diabetes mellitus: uma visão global / Hypertension and diabetes mellitus: an overview

A doença cardiovascular representa a principal causa de mortalidade por doenças não transmissíveis, sobretudo em países de baixa e média renda, que concentram cerca de 80% das mortes. Oito fatores de risco (tabagismo, hipertensão arterial, hiperglicemia, dislipidemia, uso de álcool, sedentarismo, índice de massa corporal elevado e baixa ingestão de frutas e vegetais) são responsáveis por 61% das mortes por doença cardiovascular. Eles não estão distribuídos aleatoriamente entre a população e sua agregação associa-se à maior incidência de doença cardiovascular, mortalidade e pior qualidade de vida. Prevalência crescente de hipertensão arterial e diabetes mellitus na população mundial é um problema de saúde pública, e dados da Organização Mundial da Saúde permitem constituir um quadro global de sua distribuição em países do mundo...

Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of mortality due to non communicable diseases, especially in low-andmiddle-income countries, which account for nearly 80% of deaths. Eight risk factors (smoking, hypertension, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, alcohol use, physical inactivity, high body mass index and low intake of fruits and vegetables) account for 61% of deaths from cardiovascular disease. These deaths are not randomly distributed in the population and its aggregation is associated with higher incidence of cardiovascular disease, mortality and low quality of life. Increasing prevalence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus in the world is a public health problem and data from the World Health Organization allow to portrait a global picture of their distribution in countries in the world...

Bilateral facial palsy associated with leptospirosis

Leptospirosis is a zoonosis of worldwide occurrence caused by the spirochete Leptospira interrogans. It is an acute feverish disease with a broad clinical spectrum and follows a characteristic biphasic course. Bilateral facial palsy is a rare clinical condition and the differential diagnosis of its causes is extensive. The objective of this exploratory study, presented as a case report, is to describe the occurrence of bilateral facial palsy as an unusual manifestation of leptospirosis. This suggestion should not be overlooked when analyzing the causes for bilateral facial palsy, and should be considered with other possible differential diagnoses, some of which are potentially fatal.